{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T12:02:02Z","timestamp":1791547322261,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764288000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":150,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Irish Life"},{"name":"Departement of Health, Ireland"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010414","name":"Health Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["TILDA-2-17-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TILDA-2-17-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010414","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010414","name":"Health Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["TILDA-2023-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TILDA-2023-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010414","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004426","name":"Atlantic Philanthropies","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004426","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Open Heart"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, dementia and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Older adults bear the brunt of these conditions, and managing hypertension can be especially challenging in this cohort. In this study, we apply the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) hypertension guidelines to adults \u226550 years participating in a nationally-representative longitudinal study on ageing, providing crucial context for guideline implementation among older adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from waves 1 (2009\u20132010), 3 (2014\u20132015) and 6 (2021\u20132023) of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing were analysed. Hypertension (blood pressure (BP) \u2265140\/90\u2009mm Hg) prevalence, awareness, treatment, control (on-treatment BP &lt;130\/80\u2009mm Hg) and adherence to ESC recommendations were assessed. Subgroup analyses included people aged \u226585 years, adults with frailty, with CKD and with home BP measurements. Data were analysed using Stata V.15.1 applying inverse probability weighting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From wave 3 (n=5329), weighted hypertension prevalence was 64.0% (62.4\u201365.6%). Of these, 55.5% were aware and 70.3% were on antihypertensive treatment. 32.2% on treatment had controlled BP, 20.9% were on dual therapy and 55.2% were taking one ESC-recommended agent. 87.8%, 77.1% and 76.7% of those with hypertension at waves 1, 3 and 6 were undiagnosed, untreated or uncontrolled. Hypertension prevalence was 91.1% (84.7\u201395.0%) in people \u226585 years and 75.9% (69.3\u201381.5%) in moderate\u2013severe frailty.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a nationally-representative sample of older Irish adults, there is a high prevalence of hypertension, with low awareness, control and adherence to ESC guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2025-003744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T12:50:40Z","timestamp":1764334240000},"page":"e003744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Adherence to the European Society of Cardiology hypertension guidelines over 12 years of follow-up in the Irish population"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5928-4912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caoimhe","family":"McGarvey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"Mercer\u2019s Institute for Successful Ageing (MISA), St James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siobhan","family":"Scarlett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Briggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"Mercer\u2019s Institute for Successful Ageing (MISA), St James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cathal","family":"McCrory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John William","family":"McEvoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Prevention and Cardiovascular Health, University of Galway School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rose Anne","family":"Kenny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"Mercer\u2019s Institute for Successful Ageing (MISA), St James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donal J","family":"Sexton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"Renal Unit, St James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025112804501474000_12.2.e003744.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002160","article-title":"High Blood Pressure and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortalities in Community-Dwelling Older Adults","volume":"94","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2025112804501474000_12.2.e003744.2","unstructured":"WHO . Global report on hypertension: the race against a silent killer. 2023."},{"key":"2025112804501474000_12.2.e003744.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.33353","article-title":"Use of Antihypertensives, Blood Pressure, and Estimated Risk of Dementia in Late Life: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis","volume":"6","author":"Lennon","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2025112804501474000_12.2.e003744.4","unstructured":"McEvoy JW , McCarthy CP , Bruno RM , et al . 2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension: Developed by the task force on the management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and endorsed by the European Society of Endocrinology (ESE) and the European Stroke Organisation (ESO). 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