{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T11:06:59Z","timestamp":1789556819394,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Open Heart"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical benefit of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) remains controversial. Coronary wave intensity analysis (WIA) provides mechanistic insights into cardiac\u2013coronary coupling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess peri-PCI WIA changes at rest and during hyperaemia, and to identify features associated with improvements in epicardial and microvascular resistance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intracoronary Doppler and pressure measurements were analysed in 27 CCS patients undergoing elective PCI. Haemodynamics (fractional flow reserve (FFR), basal and hyperaemic stenosis resistance (bSR, hSR), coronary flow reserve (CFR), basal and hyperaemic microvascular resistance (bMR, hMR)) and WIA metrics (forward compression wave (FCW), backward compression wave (BCW), forward expansion wave (FEW), backward expansion wave (BEW), wave speed) were quantified at rest and hyperaemia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PCI reduced bSR and hSR (p&lt;0.001), increased FFR (0.58\u00b10.18\u2009to 0.87\u00b10.09; p&lt;0.001) and CFR (1.68\u00b10.47\u2009to 2.79\u00b10.62; p&lt;0.001), and lowered hMR (2.22 (1.67\u20133.10)\u2009to 1.49 (1.18\u20131.74); p&lt;0.001). At rest, PCI increased FCW (40.3\u00b148.9\u2009to 89.3\u00b164.8; p=0.022), FEW (24.5 (7.2\u201342.8)\u2009to 58.8 (24.0\u201393.1); p=0.001) and BEW (57.6\u00b170.6\u2009to 82.1\u00b151.8; p=0.017). Hyperaemic backward wave peaks augmented significantly (BCW: 77.8\u00b153.3\u2009to 172.8\u00b1112.3; BEW: 60.5\u00b147.5\u2009to 126.7\u00b166.2; both p&lt;0.001). WIA time-to-peaks occurred earlier post-PCI. Reduced resting wave speed (41\u00b121\u2009to 25\u00b110 m\/s; p&lt;0.001) correlated with hMR decreases (r=0.77; p&lt;0.001). Increased resting BEW correlated with total vascular resistance reductions (hSR+hMR; r=\u22120.76; p&lt;0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elective PCI restores phasic cardiac\u2013coronary coupling. Resting BEW and coronary wave speed provide complementary physiological endpoints reflecting microvascular and epicardial recovery, warranting larger prospective evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2026-004194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T13:35:32Z","timestamp":1784640932000},"page":"e004194","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Percutaneous coronary interventions improve phasic cardiac\u2013coronary interaction in chronic coronary syndromes as assessed by wave intensity analysis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1944-2576","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"MD PhD","given":"Ahmet","family":"Ta\u015f","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"MD","given":"Yaren","family":"Alan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"MD","given":"Alp","family":"Ozcan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"MD","given":"Ilke","family":"Kara Ta\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nehir","family":"Ta\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul Medipol University International School of Medicine, Beykoz, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"MD","given":"Irem","family":"Sezer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Amyloidosis Centre, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"MD PhD","given":"Tim P van de","family":"Hoef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"PhD","given":"Kim H.","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9614-1614","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"MD","given":"Murat","family":"Sezer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Ac\u0131badem International Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"MD PhD","given":"Jan J","family":"Piek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091603501165000_13.2.e004194.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0142998","article-title":"Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Enhances Accelerative Wave Intensity in Coronary Arteries","volume":"10","author":"Narayan","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2026091603501165000_13.2.e004194.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2018-000999","article-title":"Coronary wave intensity patterns in stable coronary artery disease: influence of stenosis severity and collateral circulation","volume":"6","author":"deMarchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Heart"},{"key":"2026091603501165000_13.2.e004194.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-009-0439-y"},{"key":"2026091603501165000_13.2.e004194.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2023-002437","article-title":"Primary versus iatrogenic (post-PCI) coronary microvascular dysfunction: a wire-based multimodal comparison","volume":"10","author":"Hasdemir","year":"2023","journal-title":"Open Heart"},{"key":"2026091603501165000_13.2.e004194.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.2174\/1573403X10999140226121300","article-title":"Wave intensity analysis in the human coronary circulation in health and disease","volume":"10","author":"Sen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Cardiol Rev"},{"key":"2026091603501165000_13.2.e004194.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Broyd CJ , Davies JE , Escaned JE , et al . 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