{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T09:56:25Z","timestamp":1791280585704,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"953","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,1]],"date-time":"2005-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1109635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Intolerance to certain foods can cause a range of gut and systemic symptoms. The possibility that these can be caused by lactose has been missed because of \u201chidden\u201d lactose added to many foods and drinks inadequately labelled, confusing diagnosis based on dietary removal of dairy foods. Two polymorphisms, C\/T13910 and G\/A22018, linked to hypolactasia, correlate with breath hydrogen and symptoms after lactose. This, with a 48 hour record of gut and systemic symptoms and a six hour breath hydrogen test, provides a new approach to the clinical management of lactose intolerance. The key is the prolonged effect of dietary removal of lactose. Patients diagnosed as lactose intolerant must be advised of \u201crisk\u201d foods, inadequately labelled, including processed meats, bread, cake mixes, soft drinks, and lagers. This review highlights the wide range of systemic symptoms caused by lactose intolerance. This has important implications for the management of irritable bowel syndrome, and for doctors of many specialties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2004.025551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,4]],"date-time":"2005-03-04T16:02:59Z","timestamp":1109952179000},"page":"167-173","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":177,"title":["Systemic lactose intolerance: a new perspective on an old problem"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"S B","family":"Matthews","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Immunology, Llandough Hospital, Cardiff and Vale NHS Trust , Penarth, Vale of Glamorgan , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J P","family":"Waud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Immunology, Llandough Hospital, Cardiff and Vale NHS Trust , Penarth, Vale of Glamorgan , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A G","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Immunology, Cardiff and Vale NHS Trust , Cardiff , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A K","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Immunology, Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff University , Cardiff , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023042408264198100_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/ng826","article-title":"Identification of a variant associated with adult-type hypolactasia","volume":"30","author":"Enattah","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2023042408264198100_R2","volume-title":"The complete guide to food allergy and intolerance","author":"Brostoff","year":"1989"},{"key":"2023042408264198100_R3","volume-title":"Lactose intolerance and the MATHS syndrome: what are the and how can I cope","author":"Campbell","year":"2001"},{"key":"2023042408264198100_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(19)33391-8","article-title":"Memorial lecture: lactose and lactase\u2014a historical perspective","volume":"61","author":"Kretchmer","year":"1971","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2023042408264198100_R5","volume-title":"Milk is not for everybody","author":"Carper","year":"1995"},{"key":"2023042408264198100_R6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Genetics of lactose digestion in humans","volume":"16","author":"Flatz","year":"1987","journal-title":"Adv Hum Genet"},{"key":"2023042408264198100_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529409091740","article-title":"Genetics and epidemiology of adult-type hypolactasia","volume":"202","author":"Sahi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2023042408264198100_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genet.37.110801.143820","article-title":"Genetics of lactase persistence and lactose intolerance","volume":"37","author":"Swallow","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu Rev Genet"},{"key":"2023042408264198100_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2333","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddg244","article-title":"Lactase persistence DNA variant enhances lactase promoter activity in vitro: functional role as a cis regulatory element","volume":"12","author":"Olds","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"2023042408264198100_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(65)90922-0","article-title":"Lactase deficiency in the adult. 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