{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T14:51:16Z","timestamp":1775487076054,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"958","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,1]],"date-time":"2005-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1122854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The close anatomical relations of the heart and oesophagus, and the similarity of symptoms attributable to disorders of either organ, often lead to diagnostic difficulty in patients with chest pain. A definitive diagnosis of non-cardiac chest pain attributable to oesophageal reflux or spasm is hampered, both by the need for prolonged ambulatory monitoring of pH, manometry, and endoscopy, and by the common occurrence of asymptomatic reflux and spasm, and the corresponding difficulty in linking an episode of reflux or spasm with an episode of pain. Moreover, some patients with non-cardiac chest pain and normal tests of oesophageal structure and function have centrally mediated hypersensitivity, both within and without the oesophagus. Rather than proceed with investigations, in the absence of symptoms to suggest structural disease of the oesophagus, it would be reasonable to attempt symptomatic treatment with a proton pump inhibitor or an antidepressant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2004.029074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,5]],"date-time":"2005-08-05T16:42:51Z","timestamp":1123260171000},"page":"515-518","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The heart and the oesophagus: intimate relations"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Heatley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Singleton Hospital , Swansea, Wales"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Singleton Hospital , Swansea, Wales"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Weston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Singleton Hospital , Swansea, Wales"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023042408395088700_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1159\/000080309","article-title":"Extra-esophageal disorders in gastroesophageal reflux disease.","volume":"22","author":"Jaspersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dig Dis"},{"key":"2023042408395088700_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(89)90039-8","article-title":"Late postoperative cardiac tamponade presenting with dysphagia.","volume":"47","author":"Bryan","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2023042408395088700_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.41.199","article-title":"Unusual swallow syncope caused by huge hiatal hernia.","volume":"41","author":"Maekawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"2023042408395088700_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.83.6.702","article-title":"Swallow syncope associated with complete atrioventricular block and vasovagal syncope.","volume":"83","author":"Kakuchi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2023042408395088700_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.81.3.313","article-title":"Tachyarrhythmias triggered by swallowing and belching.","volume":"81","author":"Wilmshurst","year":"1999","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2023042408395088700_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5317.1425","article-title":"Episodic, postural, and linked angina.","volume":"iv","author":"Smith","year":"1962","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2023042408395088700_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a014873","article-title":"Cardio-oesophageal reflex in humans as a mechanism for \u201clinked angina\u201d.","volume":"17","author":"Chauhan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2023042408395088700_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8553(03)00133-X","article-title":"Esophageal perception and noncardiac pain.","volume":"33","author":"Orlando","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am"},{"key":"2023042408395088700_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.80.1.87","article-title":"Exercise-induced ST depression in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. 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