{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T05:23:36Z","timestamp":1789363416024,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"970","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]],"date-time":"2006-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1154390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Acne is one of the most prevalent skin conditions affecting teenagers. It is a disease of the pilosebaceous unit. Blockage of sebaceous glands and colonisation with Proionobacterium acnes leads to acne. Grading the severity of acne helps to determine the appropriate treatment. Treatment of acne should be started as early as possible to minimise the risk of scarring and adverse psychological effects. It should be tailored to the individual patient, the type of acne, its severity, the patient's ability to use the treatment, and the psychological state. Topical agents are the mainstay for treatment of mild acne. Moderate acne is treated with oral antibiotics. Resistance to antibiotics may be reduced by subsequent use of non-antibiotic topical medications. Severe acne is treated with isotretinoin, and this can lead to permanent remission. With better education and care given by medical profession, acne treatment could be significantly improved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2006.045377","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,5]],"date-time":"2006-08-05T01:53:59Z","timestamp":1154742839000},"page":"500-506","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Acne: more than skin deep"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Ayer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Burrows","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addenbrooks Hospital , Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp033487","article-title":"Acne","volume":"352","author":"James","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.325.7362.475","article-title":"Acne vulgaris","volume":"325","author":"Webster","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib3","first-page":"1109","article-title":"Prevalence of facial acne in late adolescence and in adults","volume":"1","author":"Cunliffe","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1997.d01-1144.x","article-title":"Post adolescent acne. A review of the clinical features","volume":"136","author":"Goulden","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib5","author":"Marks","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acne; advice on clearing your skin"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib6","first-page":"395","article-title":"Prevalence, morbidity and cost of dermatology diseases","volume":"75","author":"Kraning","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib7","volume-title":"The acne","author":"Cunliffe","year":"1989"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib8","volume-title":"Acne and the mature woman","author":"Simpson","year":"1991"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib9","volume-title":"Interfaces in dermatology. Distance learning programme\u2014acne","author":"Cunliffe","year":"1997"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(87)70166-2","article-title":"Reduced anxiety and depression in cystic acne patients after successful treatment with oral isotretinoin","volume":"17","author":"Rubinow","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1993.tb11849.x","article-title":"Isotretinoin for acne vulgaris-10 years later- a safe and successful treatment","volume":"129","author":"Layton","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib12","first-page":"41","article-title":"The psychological and social impact of acne. Student using three disability questionnaires","volume":"137","author":"Clark","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(85)90021-8","article-title":"Skin disease and handicap; an analysis of the impact of skin conditions","volume":"20","author":"Jowett","year":"1985","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1986.tb05757.x","article-title":"Acne and unemployment","volume":"115","author":"Cunliffe","year":"1986","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1990.tb03777.x","article-title":"Psychiatric aspects of the treatment of mild to moderate facial acne. Some preliminary observations","volume":"29","author":"Gupta","year":"1990","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1159\/000288694","article-title":"Psychiatric and psychometric issues in acne excoriee","volume":"60","author":"Bach","year":"1993","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.1991.tb00856.x","article-title":"Psychogenic aspects of acne","volume":"18","author":"Koo","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1080\/135485099106261","article-title":"Psychological factors in cutaneous diseases. An overview of research","volume":"4","author":"Papadopoulos","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychol Health Med"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib19","first-page":"133","article-title":"The interaction between acne vulgaris and the psyche","volume":"70","author":"Baldwin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib20","first-page":"272","article-title":"The psychosocial and emotional impact of acne and the effect of treatment with Isotretinoin","volume":"140","author":"Kellet","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1997.18131897.x","article-title":"Suicide in dermatology patients","volume":"137","author":"Cotteril","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1999.02768.x","article-title":"The quality of life in acne: a comparison with general medical conditions using generic questionnaires","volume":"140","author":"Mallon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2002.19621.x","article-title":"The influence of genetic and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of acne: a twin study of acne in women","volume":"119","author":"Bataille","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib24","first-page":"897","article-title":"The response of skin to stress","volume":"139","author":"Chiu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib25","volume-title":"Acne diagnosis and management","author":"Cunliffe","year":"2001"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1994.01690030095016","article-title":"Acne revisited","volume":"130","author":"Shalita","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.04290.x","article-title":"Epidemiology of acne in general population. The risk of smoking","volume":"145","author":"Schafer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib28","first-page":"195","article-title":"Chocolate; A reiew of published reports of allergic and other deleterious effects. Real or presumed","volume":"41","author":"Fries","year":"1978","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2071","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1969.03160370055011","article-title":"Effect of chocolate on acne vulgaris","volume":"210","author":"Fulton","year":"1969","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib30","first-page":"30","article-title":"Acne and other facial eruptions","volume":"25","author":"Chu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2003.618","article-title":"Management of acne: a report from a global alliance to improve outcomes in Acne","volume":"49","author":"Gollnick","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib32","first-page":"8","article-title":"An overview of acne and its treatments","volume":"57","author":"Thiboutot","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib33","first-page":"2123","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of acne","volume":"69","author":"Feldman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1988.tb02566.x","article-title":"A histological and immunocytochemical study of early acne lesions","volume":"118","author":"Norris","year":"1988","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1987.tb04148.x","article-title":"Fatal squamous cell carcinoma associated with acne conglobata in a father and daughter","volume":"117","author":"Whipp","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1970.tb12875.x","article-title":"Perifollicular elastocytosis","volume":"83","author":"Veradi","year":"1970","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.3109\/09546639809160698","article-title":"The Leeds revised acne grading system","volume":"9","author":"O'Brien","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib38","first-page":"9","article-title":"Psychological assessment of skin disease","volume":"1","author":"Layton","year":"1994","journal-title":"Interfaces Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1992.tb02521.x","article-title":"Acne disability index. Practical use of disability index in the routine management of acne","volume":"17","author":"Motley","year":"1992","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1972.01620150029011","volume":"106","author":"Kingman","year":"1972","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.2340\/0001555561267269","article-title":"The effect of benzoyl peroxide in acne","volume":"61","author":"Cunliffe","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.6.726","article-title":"Treatment of acne vulgaris","volume":"292","author":"Haider","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(95)90418-2","article-title":"The treatment of acne; the role of combination therapies","volume":"32","author":"Berson","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555897582","article-title":"Topical antibiotics and topical antimicrobial agents in acne therapy","volume":"89","author":"Leyden","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib45","article-title":"Acne vulgaris","volume":"3511871\u20138","author":"Brown","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib46","first-page":"123","article-title":"Regulation of toll-like receptor 2 expression by adapaline","volume":"16","author":"Vega","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1159\/000017844","article-title":"Topical drug treatment for acne","volume":"196","author":"Gollnick","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1001\/archfami.9.2.179","article-title":"New treatment and therapeutic strategies for Acne","volume":"9","author":"Thiboutot","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Fam Med"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1159\/000017847","article-title":"Systemic anitbiotics for acne","volume":"196","author":"Meynadier","year":"1988","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1966.01600190098023","article-title":"Oral tetracycline treatment on bacterial flora in acne vulgaris","volume":"93","author":"Golt","year":"1966","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib51","first-page":"80","article-title":"Systemic therapy of acne vulgaris","volume":"65","author":"Layton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Hosp Med"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S218","DOI":"10.1067\/S0190-9622(03)01153-8","article-title":"Is combined oral and topical therapy better than oral therapy alone in patients with moderate to moderately severe acne vulgaris? A comparison of the efficacy and safety of lymecycline plus adapalene gel 0.1%, versus lymecycline plus gel vehicle","volume":"49","author":"Cunliffe","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1989.tb01399.x","article-title":"Erythromycin resistant P bacteria in antibiotics treated acne patients; association with therapeutic failure","volume":"121","author":"Eady","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1998.tb140250.x","article-title":"Systematic review of P. acne resistance to systemic antibiotics","volume":"169","author":"Cooper","year":"1998","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2002.04690.x","article-title":"Prevalence of antibiotic resistant P bacteria on the skin of acne patients: a ten year surveilance data and snapshot distribution and study","volume":"146","author":"Coates","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.04119.x","article-title":"Antibiotics in acne; time for rethink","volume":"144","author":"Simpson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.03956.x","article-title":"Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of antibiotic resistant P. bacteria isolated from acne patients attending dermatology clinics in Europe, the USA, Japan and Australia","volume":"144","author":"Ross","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib58","first-page":"1","article-title":"Psychosocial impact of acne vulgaris: evaluating the evidence","volume":"9","author":"Tan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Skin Therapy Lett"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib59","first-page":"S3","article-title":"Propionibacterium acnes resistance and its clinical relevance","volume":"6","author":"Cunliffe","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2002.120448","article-title":"Oral contraceptive efficacy and antibiotic interaction: a myth debunked","volume":"46","author":"Archer","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(82)70063-5","article-title":"versus placebo in the treatment of cystic acne. A randomised double blind study","volume":"6","author":"Peck","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1982.tb00410.x","article-title":"A double blind study of the effects of 13-cis-retinoic acid on acne sebum excretion rate and microbial population","volume":"107","author":"King","year":"1982","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1987.01660290074019","article-title":"Staphylococcal infection as a complication of isotretinoin therapy","volume":"123","author":"Leyden","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-199406020-00003","article-title":"Effect of isotretinoin on the quality of life of patients with acne","volume":"6","author":"Simpson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1159\/000246016","article-title":"How safe is oral isotretinoin?","volume":"195","author":"Mergel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.117730","article-title":"An analysis of reports of depression and suicide in patients treated with Isotretinoin","volume":"45","author":"Wysoski","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib67","first-page":"278","article-title":"Depression- a suicide effect of 13-cis-retinoic acid therapy","volume":"8","author":"Hazen","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200304070-00005","article-title":"Isotretinoin use and subsequent depression and suicide presenting the evidence","volume":"4","author":"Hull","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S168","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.118233","article-title":"Suicide, depression and isotretinoin. Is there a causal link?","volume":"45","author":"Jacobs","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1614.2003.01111.x","article-title":"The association between depression and isotretinoin use in acne","volume":"37","author":"Ng","year":"2003","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1991.tb14751.x","article-title":"Ablation of whiteheads by cautery under topical anaesthesia","volume":"125","author":"Pepall","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2834","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.23.2834","article-title":"Treatment of acne vulgaris with a pulsed dye laser","volume":"29","author":"Oringer","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.1995.tb00258.x","article-title":"Aluminium oxide crystal microderm abrasion. A new technique for treating acne scarring","volume":"21","author":"Tsai","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1991.tb03487.x","article-title":"Dermabrasion and hypertrophic scars","volume":"30","author":"Coleman","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib75","first-page":"462","article-title":"Results of cryosurgery in 394 patients with hypertrophic scars and keloids","volume":"46","author":"Emst","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hautarzt"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-0960.2001.00489.x","article-title":"Perceptions of acne vulgaris in final year medical student. Written examination answers","volume":"42","author":"Green","year":"2001","journal-title":"Australas J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib77","first-page":"44","article-title":"Compliance with drug therapy","volume":"39","author":"Bradley","year":"1999","journal-title":"Prescriber"},{"key":"2023042407513332400_bib78","volume-title":"From compliance to concordance; achieving shared goals in medicine taking","author":"Marshall","year":"1997"}],"container-title":["Postgraduate Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/82\/970\/500\/50024477\/postgradmedj-82-500.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/82\/970\/500\/50024477\/postgradmedj-82-500.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]],"date-time":"2023-04-24T07:52:54Z","timestamp":1682322774000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article\/82\/970\/500\/7045179"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"970","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/pgmj.2006.045377","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5473","1469-0756"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-5473","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-0756","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]]}}}