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Ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging and contrast angiography are useful diagnostic tests, and functional imaging of the brain (eg, with positron emission tomography) helps to understand haemodynamic factors involved in the pathophysiology of brain ischaemia. Recently, there has been a resurgence of interest in the role of extracranial\u2013intracranial bypass surgery for the treatment of completely occluded ICA. With advances in the measurement of cerebral haemodynamics, it may be possible to identify high-risk patients who could benefit from the bypass surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2006.048041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,16]],"date-time":"2007-02-16T21:11:08Z","timestamp":1171660268000},"page":"95-99","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Complete occlusion of extracranial internal carotid artery: clinical features, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Bhomraj","family":"Thanvi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrated Medicine, Glenfield General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust , Leicester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ageing and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust , Leicester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023042012553745500_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e349","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000135024.54608.3f","article-title":"Population-based study of symptomatic internal carotid artery occlusion. 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