{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T12:47:14Z","timestamp":1788526034084,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1004","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]],"date-time":"2009-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1243814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The growing popularity of activities such as hiking, climbing, skiing and snowboarding has ensured that the number of visitors to mountain environments continues to increase. Since such areas place enormous physical demands on individuals, it is inevitable that deaths will occur. Differences in the activities, conditions and methods of calculation make meaningful mortality rates difficult to obtain. However, it is clear that the mortality rate for some mountain activities is comparable to hang gliding, parachuting, boxing and other pastimes that are traditionally viewed as dangerous. Deaths in the mountains are most commonly due to trauma, high altitude illness, cold injury, avalanche burial and sudden cardiac death. This review describes the mortality rates of those who undertake recreational activities in the mountains and examines the aetiology that lies behind them.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2009.078824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,15]],"date-time":"2009-06-15T17:38:07Z","timestamp":1245087487000},"page":"316-321","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Mountain mortality: a review of deaths that occur during recreational activities in the mountains"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"J S","family":"Windsor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment Medicine, Institute of Human Health and Performance, University College London , London , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P G","family":"Firth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M P","family":"Grocott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment Medicine, Institute of Human Health and Performance, University College London , London , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G W","family":"Rodway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment Medicine, Institute of Human Health and Performance, University College London , London , UK"},{"name":"University of Utah, College of Nursing and School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, Utah , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H E","family":"Montgomery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment Medicine, Institute of Human Health and Performance, University College London , London , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023041909290793000_b1","first-page":"214","volume-title":"Mt Everest: the reconnaissance","author":"Mallory","year":"1921"},{"key":"2023041909290793000_b2","article-title":"Introduction to mountain regions","author":"World Health Organisation"},{"key":"2023041909290793000_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(87)80742-4","article-title":"Altitude-aggravated illness: examples from pregnancy and prenatal life","volume":"16","author":"Moore","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"2023041909290793000_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1007\/s004210100393","article-title":"Cardiopulmonary and metabolic responses in healthy elderly humans during a 1-week hiking programme at high altitude","volume":"84","author":"Burtscher","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2023041909290793000_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2004.5.410","article-title":"Awareness, prevalence, medication use and risk factors of acute mountain sickness in tourists trekking around the Annapurnas in Nepal: a 12 year follow up","volume":"5","author":"Gaillard","year":"2004","journal-title":"High Alt Med Biol"},{"key":"2023041909290793000_b6","article-title":"The Himalaya by the numbers. 2007","author":"Salisbury"},{"key":"2023041909290793000_b7","first-page":"22","article-title":"High altitude medicine and physiology, 3rd ed","author":"Ward","year":"2000"},{"key":"2023041909290793000_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3506(05)80084-8","article-title":"Do we pay too dearly for our sport and leisure activities? 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