{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T01:55:04Z","timestamp":1768096504450,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"574","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1973,8,1]],"date-time":"1973-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":113011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1973,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Q fever was first described in Australia and has since been reported from many countries. Rickettsia burneti infects numerous species of mammals and has been isolated from ticks. Infected cattle, sheep and goats remain healthy but excrete the organism, which is present in high concentration in products of conception and survives in dust for long periods. The ways in which humans may become infected are considered. Many of these infections do not cause symptoms, but some are fatal and the prevention of this disease remains a challenge.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.49.574.535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,29]],"date-time":"2008-12-29T20:31:39Z","timestamp":1230582699000},"page":"535-538","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The epidemiology of Q fever"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"R J C","family":"Hart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratory , Church Lane, Heavitree, Exeter EX2 5AD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1973,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400039255","article-title":"Q fever in South Australia: an outbreak in a meat-works","volume":"60","author":"BEECH, M.D.; DUXBURY, A.E.; WARNER, P.","year":"1962","unstructured":"BEECH, M.D., DUXBURY, A.E. & WARNER, P. (1962) Q fever in South Australia: an outbreak in a meat-works. Journal of Hygiene, 60, 1.","journal-title":"Journal of Hygiene"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"649","article-title":"An outbreak of Q fever in Staffordshire","volume":"66","author":"BROWN, G.L.; COLWELL, D.C.; HOOPER, W.L.","year":"1968","unstructured":"BROWN, G.L., COLWELL, D.C. & HOOPER, W.L. (1968) An outbreak of Q fever in Staffordshire. Journal ofHygiene, 66, 649.","journal-title":"Journal ofHygiene"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1937.tb43744.x","article-title":"Experimental studies on the virus of Q fever","volume":"2","author":"BURNET, F.M.; FREEMAN, M.","year":"1937","unstructured":"BURNET, F.M. & FREEMAN, M. (1937) Experimental studies on the virus of Q fever. Medical Journal ofAustralia, 2, 299.","journal-title":"Medical Journal ofAustralia"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"35","article-title":"Q fever in California. IX. An outbreak aboard a ship transporting goats","volume":"54","author":"CLARKE, W.H.; LENNETTE, E.H.; ROMER, M.S.","year":"1951","unstructured":"CLARKE, W.H., LENNETTE, E.H. & ROMER, M.S. (1951) Q fever in California. IX. An outbreak aboard a ship transporting goats. American Journal of Hygiene, 54, 35.","journal-title":"American Journal of Hygiene"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5591.547","article-title":"Q fever in Northern Ireland","volume":"1","author":"CONNOLLY, J.H.","year":"1968","unstructured":"CONNOLLY, J.H. (1968) Q fever in Northern Ireland. British Medical Journal, 1, 547.","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2259","DOI":"10.2307\/4582746","article-title":"A filter-passing infectious agent isolated from ticks. I. Isolation from Dermacentor andersoni, reactions in animals, and filtration experiments","volume":"53","author":"DAVIs, G.E.; Cox, H.R.","year":"1938","unstructured":"DAVIs, G.E. & Cox, H.R. (1938) A filter-passing infectious agent isolated from ticks. I. Isolation from Dermacentor andersoni, reactions in animals, and filtration experiments. Public Health Reports, 53, 2259.","journal-title":"Public Health Reports"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1937.tb43743.x","article-title":"Q fever, a new fever entity: clinical features, diagnosis and laboratory investigation","volume":"2","author":"DERRICK, E.H.","year":"1937","unstructured":"DERRICK, E.H. (1937) Q fever, a new fever entity: clinical features, diagnosis and laboratory investigation. 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Lancet, i, 650.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1966.tb73371.x","article-title":"Q fever, brucellosis and leptospirosis among abattoir workers in New South Wales","volume":"2","author":"HANSMAN, D.; WANNAN, J.S.; WOOLARD, T.J.","year":"1966","unstructured":"HANSMAN, D., WANNAN, J.S. & WOOLARD, T.J. (1966) Q fever, brucellosis and leptospirosis among abattoir workers in New South Wales. Medical Journal of Australia, 2, 20.","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Australia"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(49)91600-1","article-title":"Q fever in Great Britain: clinical account of eight cases","volume":"ii,","author":"HARMAN, J.B.","year":"1949","unstructured":"HARMAN, J.B. (1949) Q fever in Great Britain: clinical account of eight cases. 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American Journal of Hygiene, 54, 44.","journal-title":"American Journal of Hygiene"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"573","article-title":"Q fever in Great Britain: isolation of Rickettsia burneti from an indigenous case","volume":"ii","author":"MACCALLUM, F.O.; MARMION, B.P.; STOKER, M.G.P.","year":"1949","unstructured":"MACCALLUM, F.O., MARMION, B.P. & STOKER, M.G.P. (1949) Q fever in Great Britain: isolation of Rickettsia burneti from an indigenous case. Lancet, ii, 1026. McKIEL, J.A. (1964) Q fever in Canada. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 91, 573.","journal-title":"Lancet; Q fever in Canada"},{"key":"ref_22","article-title":"Q fever in Great Britain. Epidemiology of an outbreak","volume":"611","author":"MARMION, B.P.; STOKER, M.G.P.","year":"1950","unstructured":"MARMION, B.P. & STOKER, M.G.P. (1950) Q fever in Great Britain. Epidemiology of an outbreak. Lancet, ii, 611.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5100.809","article-title":"The epidemiology of Q fever in Great Britain. An analysis of the findings and some conclusions","volume":"2","author":"MARMION, B.P.; STOKER, M.G.P.","year":"1958","unstructured":"MARMION, B.P. & STOKER, M.G.P. (1958) The epidemiology of Q fever in Great Britain. An analysis of the findings and some conclusions. British Medical Journal, 2, 809.","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_24","article-title":"Q fever in Great Britain. An analysis of sixty-nine sporadic cases with a study of the prevalence of infection in humans and cows","volume":"503","author":"MARMION, B.P.; STOKER, M.G.P.; McCoy, J.H.; MALLOCH, R.A.; MOORE, B.","year":"1953","unstructured":"MARMION, B.P., STOKER, M.G.P., McCoy, J.H., MALLOCH, R.A. & MOORE, B. (1953) Q fever in Great Britain. 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American Journal of Hygiene"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400063130","article-title":"The effects of spraying on the amounts of airborne foot and mouth disease virus present in loose boxes","volume":"70","author":"SELLERS, R.F.; HERNIMAN, K.A.J.","year":"1972","unstructured":"SELLERS, R.F. & HERNIMAN, K.A.J. (1972) The effects of spraying on the amounts of airborne foot and mouth disease virus present in loose boxes. Journal of Hygiene, 70, 551.","journal-title":"Journal of Hygiene"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.38.6.781","article-title":"Q fever in Los Angeles county: description of some of its epidemiological features","volume":"38","author":"SHEPARD, C.C.; HUEBNER, R.J.","year":"1948","unstructured":"SHEPARD, C.C. & HUEBNER, R.J. (1948) Q fever in Los Angeles county: description of some of its epidemiological features. American Journal of Public Health, 38, 781.","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400000802","article-title":"Isolation of Rickettsia burneti from the Tick Haemaphysalis punctata","volume":"53","author":"STOKER, M.G.P.; MARMION, B.P.","year":"1955","unstructured":"STOKER, M.G.P. & MARMION, B.P. (1955) Isolation of Rickettsia burneti from the Tick Haemaphysalis punctata. Journal of Hygiene, 53, 322.","journal-title":"Journal of Hygiene"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400000796","article-title":"Q fever in Britain. Isolation of Rickettsia burneti from placenta and wool of sheep in an endemic area","volume":"53","author":"STOKER, M.G.P.; BROWN, R.D.; KETT, F.J.L.; COLLINGS, P.C.; MARMION, B.P.","year":"1955","unstructured":"STOKER, M.G.P., BROWN, R.D., KETT, F.J.L., COLLINGS, P.C. & MARMION, B.P. (1955) Q fever in Britain. 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