{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T16:55:49Z","timestamp":1759683349974},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"575","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1973,9,1]],"date-time":"1973-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":115689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1973,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>A feature of normal pregnancy is a huge increase in the excretion of nutrients in urine. Glycosuria is commonplace, and about half of all healthy pregnant women excrete more than when not pregnant. Amounts in excess of 1 g\/24 hr are common, and excretion is characteristically intermittent with little apparent relation to plasma levels. Amino acid excretion is also raised four or five times by late pregnancy, with a characteristic pattern for different amino acids, and folate and other water soluble vitamins are similarly squandered. The mechanisms are not understood.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.49.575.625","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,29]],"date-time":"2008-12-29T20:31:39Z","timestamp":1230582699000},"page":"625-629","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The renal excretion of nutrients in pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"F E","family":"Hytten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Reproduction and Growth Unit, Princess Mary Maternity Hospital , Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 3BD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1973,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5697.657","article-title":"Increased exposure of tissues to cortisol in late pregnancy","volume":"1","author":"BURKE, C.W.; ROULET, F.","year":"1970","unstructured":"BURKE, C.W. & ROULET, F. (1970) Increased exposure of tissues to cortisol in late pregnancy. British Medical Journal, 1, 657.","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.3109\/00365516409055221","article-title":"The excretion of lactose and some monosaccharides during pregnancy and lactation","volume":"16","author":"DATE, J.W.","year":"1964","unstructured":"DATE, J.W. (1964) The excretion of lactose and some monosaccharides during pregnancy and lactation. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, 16, 589.","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"205","article-title":"Aminoacid metabolism in cystinuria","volume":"20","author":"DENT, C.E.; RoSE, G.A.","year":"1951","unstructured":"DENT, C.E. & RoSE, G.A. (1951) Aminoacid metabolism in cystinuria. Quarterly Journal of Medicine, 20, 205.","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI103171","article-title":"Renal clearance of eighteen individual amino acids in human subjects","volume":"34","author":"DOOLEN, P.D.; HARPER, H.A.; HUTCHIN, M.E.; SHREEVE, W.W.","year":"1955","unstructured":"DOOLEN, P.D., HARPER, H.A., HUTCHIN, M.E. & SHREEVE, W.W. (1955) Renal clearance of eighteen individual amino acids in human subjects. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 34, 1247.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1972.tb12188.x","article-title":"Urir.ary excretion of folate in pregnancy","volume":"79","author":"FLEMING, A.F.","year":"1972","unstructured":"FLEMING, A.F. (1972) Urir.ary excretion of folate in pregnancy. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth, 79, 916.","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a125854","article-title":"Untersuchung des Harns Gravider Frauen. III-Mitteilung","volume":"2","author":"HONDA, M.","year":"1923","unstructured":"HONDA, M. (1923) Untersuchung des Harns Gravider Frauen. III-Mitteilung. Journal of Biochemistry (Tokyo), 2, 351.","journal-title":"Journal of Biochemistry (Tokyo)"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1972.tb14180.x","article-title":"The aminoaciduria of pregnancy","volume":"79","author":"HYTTEN, F.E.; CHEYNE, G.A.","year":"1972","unstructured":"HYTTEN, F.E. & CHEYNE, G.A. (1972) The aminoaciduria of pregnancy. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth, 79, 424.","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"146","article-title":"The Physiology of Human Pregnancy","author":"HYTTEN, F.E.; LEITCH, I.","year":"1971","unstructured":"HYTTEN, F.E. & LEITCH, I. (1971) The Physiology of Human Pregnancy, 2nd edn, p. 146. Blackwell Scientjfic Publications, Oxford.","edition":"2nd edn"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1971.tb00336.x","article-title":"The excretion of folate in pregnancy","volume":"78","author":"LANDON, M.J.; HYTTEN, F.E.","year":"1971","unstructured":"LANDON, M.J. & HYTTEN, F.E. (1971) The excretion of folate in pregnancy. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth, 78, 769.","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1972.tb11870.x","article-title":"The excretion of glucose during normal pregnancy","volume":"79","author":"LIND, T.; HYTTEN, F.E.","year":"1972","unstructured":"LIND, T. & HYTTEN, F.E. (1972) The excretion of glucose during normal pregnancy. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth, 79, 961.","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/46.3.335","article-title":"Metabolism of nicotinic acid in pregnancy","volume":"46","author":"LOJKIN, M.E.; WERTZ, A.W.; DIETZ, C.G.","year":"1952","unstructured":"LOJKIN, M.E., WERTZ, A.W. & DIETZ, C.G. (1952) Metabolism of nicotinic acid in pregnancy. Journal of Nutrition, 46, 335.","journal-title":"Journal of Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"24","article-title":"The urinary excretion of glucose in normal pregnancy","volume":"12","author":"RENSCHLER, H.E.; BACH, H.G.; BAEYER, H.","year":"1967","unstructured":"RENSCHLER, H.E., BACH, H.G. & BAEYER, H. (1967) The urinary excretion of glucose in normal pregnancy. German Medical Monthly, 12, 24.","journal-title":"German Medical Monthly"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(65)91957-4","article-title":"Some factors affecting bacterial invasion of bladder during pregnancy","volume":"i,","author":"ROBERTS, A.P.; BEARD, R.W.","year":"1965","unstructured":"ROBERTS, A.P. & BEARD, R.W. (1965) Some factors affecting bacterial invasion of bladder during pregnancy. Lancet, i, 1133.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"75","article-title":"The effect of intravenous lysine on the renal clearances of cystine, arginine and ornithine in normal subjects, in patients with cystinuria and Fanconi syndrome and in their relatives","volume":"16","author":"ROBSON, E.B.; ROSE, G.A.","year":"1957","unstructured":"ROBSON, E.B. & ROSE, G.A. (1957) The effect of intravenous lysine on the renal clearances of cystine, arginine and ornithine in normal subjects, in patients with cystinuria and Fanconi syndrome and in their relatives. Clinical Science, 16, 75.","journal-title":"Clinical Science"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-23-10-996","article-title":"Effect of short-term therapy with cortisol on the urinary excretion of free amino acids","volume":"23","author":"ZINNEMAN, H.H.; JOHNSON, J.J.; SEAL, U.S.","year":"1963","unstructured":"ZINNEMAN, H.H., JOHNSON, J.J. & SEAL, U.S. (1963) Effect of short-term therapy with cortisol on the urinary excretion of free amino acids. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology, 23, 996.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology"}],"container-title":["Postgraduate Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/49\/575\/625\/50253703\/postgradmedj-49-625.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/49\/575\/625\/50253703\/postgradmedj-49-625.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]],"date-time":"2023-05-16T08:56:43Z","timestamp":1684227403000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article\/49\/575\/625\/7064791"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1973,9,1]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"575","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1973,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1973,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/pgmj.49.575.625","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5473","1469-0756"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-5473","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-0756","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[1973,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[1973,9,1]]}}}