{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T13:36:01Z","timestamp":1760621761547,"version":"3.37.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"585","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1974,7,1]],"date-time":"1974-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":141868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1974,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Verapamil is a novel antiarrhythmic agent which appears to act as a calcium-ion antagonist, blocking calcium transport across the myocardial cell membrane. It was given intravenously, in a dose of 10 mg, to thirty-two patients suffering from paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, and sinus rhythm was achieved promptly in all. Identical results were obtained in a further ten patients with supraventricular tachycardias associated with the Wolff-Parkinson-White or other pre-excitation syndromes. In a separate group of eighteen patients in whom A-V junctional tachycardias were induced during intracardiac electrography, conversion to sinus rhythm was achieved in fifteen patients, with prolongation of the cycle length in the others. Circus-movement tachycardias were induced in eight patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, and conversion to sinus rhythm was achieved in seven. The results were less consistent in patients with other supraventricular arrhythmias including ectopic atrial tachycardia and atrial flutter, and, in the single patient with supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia, only the former was controlled. In the single patient with atrial fibrillation complicating the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome who received verapamil, sinus rhythm was restored. Side effects were few and mild, with rare exceptions of profound hypotension, bradycardia and asystole; their management is discussed, and reasons are advanced why their occurrence is likely to be related either to the concomitant administration of beta-adrenergic blockers or to the presence of sinoatrial disease. It appears that verapamil is particularly suitable for the treatment of supraventricular tachycardias due to a circus movement as calcium antagonism is likely to be most effective in the N region of the atrioventricular node.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.50.585.447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,29]],"date-time":"2008-12-29T20:31:39Z","timestamp":1230582699000},"page":"447-453","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":145,"title":["Verapamil in the treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Dennis M","family":"Krikler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Royal Postgraduate Medical School , London, W.12"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roworth A J","family":"Spurrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Guy\u2019s Hospital , London, S.E.1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1974,7,1]]},"reference":[{"year":"1972","author":"ABAZA, A.; BODINIER, C.; AZIZA, C.L.; GARNIER, J.C.","key":"ref_1","unstructured":"ABAZA, A., BODINIER, C., AZIZA, CL. & GARNIER, J.C. (1972)"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5806.169-b","article-title":"Asystole after verapamil","volume":"2","author":"BENAIM, M.E.","year":"1972","unstructured":"BENAIM, M.E. (1972) Asystole after verapamil. British Medical Journal, 2, 169.","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"1310","article-title":"Die Behandlung der tachycarden Arrhythmien und der arteriellen Hypertonie mit Verapamil","volume":"20","author":"BENDER, F.","year":"1970","unstructured":"BENDER, F. (1970) Die Behandlung der tachycarden Arrhythmien und der arteriellen Hypertonie mit Verapamil. Arzneimittel-Forschung, 20, 1310.","journal-title":"Arzneimittel-Forschung"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"1120","article-title":"Behandlung von Rhythmusstorungen des Herzens durch Beta-Rezeptorenblockade des Atrioventrikulargewebes","volume":"17","author":"BENDER, F.; KOJIMA, N.; REPLOH, H.D.; OELMANN, G.","year":"1966","unstructured":"BENDER, F., KOJIMA, N., REPLOH, H.D. & OELMANN, G. (1966) Behandlung von Rhythmusstorungen des Herzens durch Beta-Rezeptorenblockade des Atrioventrikulargewebes. Medizinische Welt, 17, 1120.","journal-title":"Medizinische Welt"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/42.11.1005","article-title":"Verapamil in cardiac dysrhythmias during anaesthesia","volume":"42","author":"BRICHARD, G.; ZIMMERMANN, P.E.","year":"1970","unstructured":"BRICHARD, G. & ZIMMERMANN, P.E. (1970) Verapamil in cardiac dysrhythmias during anaesthesia. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 42, 1005.","journal-title":"British Journal of Anaesthesia"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5809.349","article-title":"Intravenous verapamil in cardiac arrhythmias","volume":"2","author":"BOOTHBY, C.B.; GARRARD, C.S.; PICKERING, D.","year":"1972","unstructured":"BOOTHBY, C.B., GARRARD, C.S. & PICKERING, D. (1972) Intravenous verapamil in cardiac arrhythmias. British Medical Journal, 2, 349.","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"406","article-title":"Klinische Analyse der antiarrhythmischen Wirkung des Verapamils","volume":"102","author":"FILIAS, N.; ZANONI, G.","year":"1972","unstructured":"FILIAS, N. & ZANONI, G. (1972) Klinische Analyse der antiarrhythmischen Wirkung des Verapamils. Schweizerischer Medizinische Wochenschrift, 102, 406.","journal-title":"Schweizerischer Medizinische Wochenschrift"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01734125","article-title":"Einfluss von Beta-Receptorenblockern und verwandten Substanzen auf Erregung, Kontraktion und Energiestoffwechsel der Myokardfaser","volume":"46","author":"FLECKENSTEIN, A.; DORING, H.J.; KAMMERMEIER, H.","year":"1968","unstructured":"FLECKENSTEIN, A., DORING, H.J. & KAMMERMEIER, H. (1968) Einfluss von Beta-Receptorenblockern und verwandten Substanzen auf Erregung, Kontraktion und Energiestoffwechsel der Myokardfaser. Klinische Wochenschrift, 46, 343.","journal-title":"Klinische Wochenschrift"},{"key":"ref_9","article-title":"Verapamil in life-threatening tachyarrhythmias","volume":"46","author":"GOTSMAN, M.S.; LEWIS, B.S.; BAKST, A.; MITHA, A.S.","year":"1972","unstructured":"GOTSMAN, M.S., LEWIS, B.S., BAKST, A. & MITHA, A.S. (1972) Verapamil in life-threatening tachyarrhythmias. South African Medical Journal, 46, 2017.","journal-title":"South African Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"549","article-title":"a-lsopropyl-a-[(Nmethyl - N - homoveratryl) - y - amino - propyl] - 3,4 - dimethoxyphenylacetonitril, eine Substanz mit koronargefasserweiternden Eigenschaften","volume":"12","author":"HAAS, H.; HARTFELDER, G.","year":"1962","unstructured":"HAAS, H. & HARTFELDER, G. (1962) a-lsopropyl-a-[(Nmethyl - N - homoveratryl) - y - amino - propyl] - 3,4 - dimethoxyphenylacetonitril, eine Substanz mit koronargefasserweiternden Eigenschaften. Arzneimittel-Forschung, 12, 549.","journal-title":"Arzneimittel-Forschung"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"1387","article-title":"Behandlung koronarer Durchblutungsstorungen mit Isoptin in der Praxis","volume":"59","author":"HOFFMANN, P.","year":"1964","unstructured":"HOFFMANN, P. (1964) Behandlung koronarer Durchblutungsstorungen mit Isoptin in der Praxis. 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Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 164, 326.","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"761","article-title":"Iproveratril: Experimental data on coronary dilation and antiarrhythmic action","volume":"90","author":"MELVILLE, K.I.; SHISTER, H.E.; HUQ, S.","year":"1964","unstructured":"MELVILLE, K.I., SHISTER, H.E. & HUQ, S. (1964) Iproveratril: Experimental data on coronary dilation and antiarrhythmic action. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 90, 761.","journal-title":"Canadian Medical Association Journal"},{"key":"ref_15","article-title":"The sub-cellular regulation of myocardial function","author":"NAYLER, W.G.","year":"1974","unstructured":"NAYLER, W.G. (1974) The sub-cellular regulation of myocardial function. American Heart Journal. (In press.)","journal-title":"American Heart Journal"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)27971-X","article-title":"Some effects of iproveratril (isoptin) on the cardiovascular system","volume":"161","author":"NAYLER, W.G.; MCINNES, I.; SWANN, J.B.; PRICE, J.M.; CARSON, V.; RACE, D.; LOWE, T.E.","year":"1968","unstructured":"NAYLER, W.G., MCINNES, I., SWANN, J.B., PRICE, J.M., CARSON, V., RACE, D. & LOWE, T.E. (1968) Some effects of iproveratril (isoptin) on the cardiovascular system. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 161, 247.","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/6.2.120","article-title":"Effect of verapamil on contractibility, oxygen utilization, and calcium exchangeability on mammalian heart muscle","volume":"6","author":"NAYLER, W.G.; SZETO, J.","year":"1972","unstructured":"NAYLER, W.G. & SZETO, J. (1972) Effect of verapamil on contractibility, oxygen utilization, and calcium exchangeability on mammalian heart muscle. Cardiovascular Research, 6, 120.","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Research"},{"key":"ref_18","article-title":"Dissection de la Conduction Sinoventriculaire pour l'Etude du Verapamil Injectable","author":"PUECH, P.","year":"1972","unstructured":"PUECH, P. (1972a) Dissection de la Conduction Sinoventriculaire pour l'Etude du Verapamil Injectable (circulated privately)."},{"key":"ref_19","article-title":"Experimentation Clinique de l'lsoptine Injectable et par Voie Orale dans les Troubles du Rythme Cardiaque","author":"PUECH, P.","year":"1972","unstructured":"PUECH, P. (1972b) Experimentation Clinique de l'lsoptine Injectable et par Voie Orale dans les Troubles du Rythme Cardiaque (circulated privately)."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.50.583.270","article-title":"The effect of verapamil on the conduction system in man","volume":"50","author":"RoY, P.R.; SPURRELL, R.A.J.; SOWTON, E.","year":"1974","unstructured":"RoY, P.R., SPURRELL, R.A.J. & SOWTON, E. (1974) The effect of verapamil on the conduction system in man. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 50, 270.","journal-title":"Postgraduate Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5815.716-a","article-title":"Verapamil in cardiac arrhythmias","volume":"2","author":"SACKS, H.; KENNELLY, B.M.","year":"1972","unstructured":"SACKS, H. & KENNELLY, B.M. (1972) Verapamil in cardiac arrhythmias. British Medical Journal, 2, 716.","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/5.4.419","article-title":"Immediate effects of intravenous verapamil on atrial fibrillation","volume":"5","author":"SCHAMROTH, L.","year":"1971","unstructured":"SCHAMROTH, L. (1971) Immediate effects of intravenous verapamil on atrial fibrillation. Cardiovascular Research, 5, 419.","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Research"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5801.660","article-title":"Immediate effects of intravenous verapamil in cardiac arrhythmias","volume":"1","author":"SCHAMROTH, L.; KRIKLER, D.M.; GARRETT, C.","year":"1972","unstructured":"SCHAMROTH, L., KRIKLER, D.M. & GARRETT, C. (1972) Immediate effects of intravenous verapamil in cardiac arrhythmias. British Medical Journal, 1, 660.","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)27631-5","article-title":"A comparison of the antiarrhythmic actions of two new synthetic compounds, iproveratril and MJ 1999, with quinidine and pronethalol","volume":"156","author":"SCHMID, J.R.; HANNA, C.","year":"1967","unstructured":"SCHMID, J.R. & HANNA, C. (1967) A comparison of the antiarrhythmic actions of two new synthetic compounds, iproveratril and MJ 1999, with quinidine and pronethalol. Journal of Parmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 156, 331.","journal-title":"Journal of Parmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/6.2.109","article-title":"A fourth class of anti-dysrhythmic action? Effect of verapamil on ouabain toxicity, on atrial and ventricular intracellular potentials, and on other features of cardiac function","volume":"6","author":"SINGH, B.N.; WILLIAMS, V.A.U.G.H.A.N.; M, E.","year":"1972","unstructured":"SINGH, B.N. & VAUGHAN WILLIAMS, E.M. (1972) A fourth class of anti-dysrhythmic action? Effect of verapamil on ouabain toxicity, on atrial and ventricular intracellular potentials, and on other features of cardiac function. Cardiovascular Research, 6, 109.","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Research"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.35.2.113","article-title":"Two or more intra AV nodal pathways in association with either a James or Kent extranodal bypass in 3 patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia","volume":"35","author":"SPURRELL, R.A.J.; KRIKLER, D.M.; SOWTON, E.","year":"1973","unstructured":"SPURRELL, R.A.J., KRIKLER, D.M. & SOWTON, E. (1973) Two or more intra AV nodal pathways in association with either a James or Kent extranodal bypass in 3 patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. 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American Journal of Cardiology (in press).","journal-title":"American Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.36.3.256","article-title":"The effects of verapamil on the electrophysiological properties of the anomalous atrioventricular connexions in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome","volume":"36","author":"SPURRELL, R.A.J.; KRIKLER, D.M.; SOWTON, E.","year":"1974","unstructured":"SPURRELL, R.A.J., KRIKLER, D.M. & SOWTON, E. (1974b) The effects of verapamil on the electrophysiological properties of the anomalous atrioventricular connexions in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. British Heart Journal, 36, 256.","journal-title":"British Heart Journal"},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"1702","article-title":"Klinische Untersuchung fiber die Wirkung von Isoptin und Isoptin S bei Patienten mit Koronarinsuffizienz","volume":"88","author":"SZEKELY, P.","year":"1972","unstructured":"SZEKELY, P. 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New York, Grune and"}],"container-title":["Postgraduate Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/50\/585\/447\/50254423\/postgradmedj-50-447.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/50\/585\/447\/50254423\/postgradmedj-50-447.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T15:36:32Z","timestamp":1738856192000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article\/50\/585\/447\/7064515"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1974,7,1]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"585","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1974,7,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1974,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/pgmj.50.585.447","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5473","1469-0756"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0032-5473"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1469-0756"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[1974,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[1974,7,1]]}}}