{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T18:20:47Z","timestamp":1757701247357},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"654","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1980,4,1]],"date-time":"1980-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":323395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Three hundred and five patients routinely referred to a general hospital were surveyed to assess the advantages of cross-sectional echocardiography (CSE) over the conventional M mode method. CSE provided a dynamic display of the movement of the heart, particularly left ventricular function, and facilitated the location of cardiac structures. It was valuable in assessing the degree of mitral stenosis and the type of left ventricular outflow obstruction. Mitral valve prolapse, pericardial effusion, intracardiac tumours and congential heart disease were more easily diagnosed than by M mode techniques, but the origin of the basal systolic murmur still remained a problem. It was concluded that the 2 systems were complementary, and that CSE provided important additional information which improved the diagnostic capability of echocardiography.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.56.654.221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,29]],"date-time":"2008-12-29T20:39:26Z","timestamp":1230583166000},"page":"221-228","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The use of cross-sectional echocardiography in a general hospital"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"A K","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Investigation Department, Royal Lancaster Infirmary , Lancaster"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Investigation Department, Royal Lancaster Infirmary , Lancaster"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1980,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(77)80157-4","article-title":"Aortic stenosis: Echocardiographic cusp separation and surgical description of aortic valve in 22 patients","volume":"39","author":"CHANG, S.; CLEMENTS, S.; CHANG, J.","year":"1977","unstructured":"CHANG, S., CLEMENTS, S. & CHANG, J. (1977) Aortic stenosis: Echocardiographic cusp separation and surgical description of aortic valve in 22 patients. American Journal of Cardiology, 39, 499.","journal-title":"American Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"The diagnosis of intraatrial tumour and thrombi by the ultrasonic echo method","volume":"6","author":"EFFERT, S.; DOMANIG, E.","year":"1959","unstructured":"EFFERT, S. & DOMANIG, E. (1959) The diagnosis of intraatrial tumour and thrombi by the ultrasonic echo method. German Medical Monthly, 6, 1.","journal-title":"German Medical Monthly"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1965.03080090025006","article-title":"Ultrasound diagnosis of pericardial effusion","volume":"191","author":"FEIGENBAUM, H.; WALDHAUSEN, J.A.; HYDE, L.P.","year":"1965","unstructured":"FEIGENBAUM, H., WALDHAUSEN, J.A. & HYDE, L.P. (1965) Ultrasound diagnosis of pericardial effusion. 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American Journal of Cardiology, 39, 279.","journal-title":"American Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.59.2.379","article-title":"Detection and exclusion of interatrial shunts by two-dimensional echocardiography and peripheral venous injection","volume":"59","author":"FRAKER, T.D.; HARRIS, P.J.; BEHAR, V.S.; KISSLO, J.A.","year":"1979","unstructured":"FRAKER, T.D., HARRIS, P.J., BEHAR, V.S. & KISSLO, J.A. (1979) Detection and exclusion of interatrial shunts by two-dimensional echocardiography and peripheral venous injection. Circulation, 59, 379.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.59.1.140","article-title":"Real-time wide-angle sector echocardiography: atrioventricular canal defects","volume":"59","author":"HAGLER, D.J.; TAJIK, A.J.; SEWARD, J.B.; MAIR, D.D.; RITTER, D.G.","year":"1979","unstructured":"HAGLER, D.J., TAJIK, A.J., SEWARD, J.B., MAIR, D.D. & RITTER, D.G. (1979) Real-time wide-angle sector echocardiography: atrioventricular canal defects. Circulation, 59, 140.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.51.5.827","article-title":"Measureof mitral orifice area in patients with mitral valve disease by real time two-dimensional echocardiography","volume":"51","author":"HENRY, W.L.; GRIFFITHS, J.M.; MICHAELIS, L.L.; MCINTOSH, C.L.; MORROW, A.G.; EPSTEIN, S.E.","year":"1975","unstructured":"HENRY, W.L., GRIFFITHS, J.M., MICHAELIS, L.L., MCINTOSH, C.L., MORROW, A.G. & EPSTEIN, S.E. (1975a) Measureof mitral orifice area in patients with mitral valve disease by real time two-dimensional echocardiography. Circulation, 51, 827.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"283","article-title":"Differential diagnosis of anomalies of the great arteries by real-time two-dimensional echocardiography","volume":"51","author":"EPSTEIN, S.E.","year":"1975","unstructured":"& EPSTEIN, S.E. (1975b) Differential diagnosis of anomalies of the great arteries by real-time two-dimensional echocardiography. Circulation, 51, 283.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.40.4.377","article-title":"Echocardiographic identification of aorta and main pulmonary artery in complete transposition","volume":"40","author":"HOUSTON, A.B.; GREGORY, N.L.; COLEMAN, E.N.","year":"1977","unstructured":"HOUSTON, A.B., GREGORY, N.L. & COLEMAN, E.N. (1977) Echocardiographic identification of aorta and main pulmonary artery in complete transposition. British Heart Journal, 40, 377.","journal-title":"British Heart Journal"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.55.1.134","article-title":"A comparison of real-time, twodimensional echocardiography and cineangiography in detecting left ventricular asynergy","volume":"55","year":"1977","unstructured":"KISSLO, J.A., ROBERTSON, D., GILBERT, B.W., VON RAMM, 0. & BEHAR, V.S. (1977) A comparison of real-time, twodimensional echocardiography and cineangiography in detecting left ventricular asynergy. Circulation, 55, 134.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.59.2.372","article-title":"Contrast M mode echocardiography in diagnosis of atrial septal defect in acyanotic patients","volume":"59","author":"KRONIK, G.; SLANY, J.; MOESSLACHER, H.","year":"1979","unstructured":"KRONIK, G., SLANY, J. & MOESSLACHER, H. (1979) Contrast M mode echocardiography in diagnosis of atrial septal defect in acyanotic patients. Circulation, 59, 372.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_13","article-title":"The floppy mitral valve","volume":"138","author":"ARTICLE, L.E.A.D.I.N.G.","year":"1979","unstructured":"LEADING ARTICLE (1979) The floppy mitral valve. Lancet, i, 138.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.48.4.801","article-title":"An appraisal of mitral valve echocardiograms mimicking mitral stenosis in conditions with right ventricular pressure overload","volume":"48","author":"MCLAURIN, L.P.; GIBSON, T.C.; WAIDER, W.; GROSSMAN, W.; CR'AIGE, E.","year":"1973","unstructured":"MCLAURIN, L.P., GIBSON, T.C., WAIDER, W., GROSSMAN, W. & CR'AIGE, E. (1973) An appraisal of mitral valve echocardiograms mimicking mitral stenosis in conditions with right ventricular pressure overload. Circulation, 48, 801.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.52.4.671","article-title":"Identification of congenital malformations of the great arteries in infants by real-time two-dimensional echocardiography","volume":"52","author":"MARON, B.J.; HENRY, W.L.; GRIFFITH, J.M.; FREEDOM, R.M.; KELLY, D.T.; EPSTEIN, S.E.","year":"1975","unstructured":"MARON, B.J., HENRY, W.L., GRIFFITH, J.M., FREEDOM, R.M., KELLY, D.T. & EPSTEIN, S.E. (1975) Identification of congenital malformations of the great arteries in infants by real-time two-dimensional echocardiography. Circulation, 52, 671.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"120","key":"ref_16","article-title":"Twodimensional echocardiographic assessment of mitral stenosis","volume":"55","author":"NICHOL, P.M.; GILBERT, B.W.; KISSLO, J.A.","year":"1977","unstructured":"NICHOL, P.M., GILBERT, B.W. & KISSLO, J.A. (1977) Twodimensional echocardiographic assessment of mitral stenosis. Circulation, 55 120.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.54.631.297","article-title":"Echocardiography in a district general hospital","volume":"54","author":"POLLICK, C.","year":"1978","unstructured":"POLLICK, C. (1978) Echocardiography in a district general hospital. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 54, 297.","journal-title":"Postgraduate Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"9","article-title":"Echocardiology. Current applications of echotechniques in cardiology","volume":"6","author":"ROELANDT, J.","year":"1975","unstructured":"ROELANDT, J. (1975) Echocardiology. Current applications of echotechniques in cardiology. Heart Bulletin, 6, 9.","journal-title":"Heart Bulletin"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.50.2.230","article-title":"Multiple crystal cross-sectional echocardiography in the diagnosis of cyanotic congenital heart disease","volume":"50","author":"SAHN, D.J.; TERRY, R.; O'ROURKE, R.; LEOPOLD, G.; FRIEDMAN, W.F.","year":"1974","unstructured":"SAHN, D.J., TERRY, R., O'ROURKE, R., LEOPOLD, G. & FRIEDMAN, W.F. (1974) Multiple crystal cross-sectional echocardiography in the diagnosis of cyanotic congenital heart disease. Circulation, 50, 230.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.58.2.343","article-title":"Real-time cross-sectional echocardiographic imaging and measurement of the patent ductus arteriosus in infants and children","volume":"58","author":"SAHN, D.J.; ALLEN, H.D.","year":"1978","unstructured":"SAHN, D.J. & ALLEN, H.D. (1978) Real-time cross-sectional echocardiographic imaging and measurement of the patent ductus arteriosus in infants and children. Circulation, 58, 343.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.39.8.839","article-title":"Mitral valve closure index. Echocardiographic index of severity of mitral stenosis","volume":"39","author":"SHIU, M.F.","year":"1977","unstructured":"SHIU, M.F. (1977) Mitral valve closure index. Echocardiographic index of severity of mitral stenosis. British Heart Journal, 39, 839.","journal-title":"British Heart Journal"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.57.3.503","article-title":"Apex echocardiography. A two-dimensional technique for evaluating congenital heart disease","volume":"57","author":"SILVERMAN, N.H.; SCHILLER, N.B.","year":"1978","unstructured":"SILVERMAN, N.H. & SCHILLER, N.B. (1978) Apex echocardiography. A two-dimensional technique for evaluating congenital heart disease. Circulation, 57, 503.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"271","article-title":"Two-dimensional real-time ultrasonic imaging of the heart and great vessels","volume":"53","author":"TAJIK, A.J.; HAGLER, D.J.; MAIR, D.D.; LIE, J.T.","year":"1978","unstructured":"TAJIK, A.J., HAGLER, D.J., MAIR, D.D. & LIE, J.T. (1978) Two-dimensional real-time ultrasonic imaging of the heart and great vessels. Proceedings. Mayo Clinic, 53, 271.","journal-title":"Proceedings. Mayo Clinic"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"159","article-title":"Fixed subaortic stenosis. Value of echocardiography for diagnosis and differentiation between various types","volume":"42","author":"ROELANDT, J.","year":"1979","unstructured":"ROELANDT, J. (1979) Fixed subaortic stenosis. Value of echocardiography for diagnosis and differentiation between various types. British Heart Journal, 42, 159.","journal-title":"British Heart Journal"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(78)90883-4","article-title":"Cross-sectional echocardiographic detection of rheumatic mitral regurgitation","volume":"41","author":"WANN, L.S.; FEIGENBAUM, H.; WEYMAN, A.E.; DILLON, J.C.","year":"1978","unstructured":"WANN, L.S., FEIGENBAUM, H., WEYMAN, A.E. & DILLON, J.C. (1978a) Cross-sectional echocardiographic detection of rheumatic mitral regurgitation. American Journal of Cardiology, 41, 1258.","journal-title":"American Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"337","article-title":"Determination of mitral valve area by cross-sectional echocardiography","volume":"88","author":"JOHNSTON, K.W.; EGGLETON, R.","year":"1978","unstructured":"JOHNSTON, K.W. & EGGLETON, R.C (1978b) Determination of mitral valve area by cross-sectional echocardiography. Annals of Internal Medicine, 88, 337.","journal-title":"C"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(77)90651-9","article-title":"Pulmonary valve echo motion in clinical practice","volume":"62","author":"WEYMAN, A.E.","year":"1977","unstructured":"WEYMAN, A.E. (1977) Pulmonary valve echo motion in clinical practice. American Journal of Medicine, 62, 843.","journal-title":"American Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.57.3.491","article-title":"Cross-sectional echocardiographic characterization of aortic obstruction. Supravalvular aortic obstruction and aortic hypoplasia","volume":"57","author":"WEYMAN, A.E.; CALDWELL, R.L.; HURWITZ, R.A.; GIROD, D.A.; DILLON, J.C.; FEIGENBAUM, H.; GREEN, D.","year":"1978","unstructured":"WEYMAN, A.E., CALDWELL, R.L., HURWITZ, R.A., GIROD, D.A., DILLON, J.C., FEIGENBAUM, H. & GREEN, D. (1978a) Cross-sectional echocardiographic characterization of aortic obstruction. Supravalvular aortic obstruction and aortic hypoplasia. Circulation, 57, 491.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(74)90151-9","article-title":"Echocardiographic patterns of pulmonary valve motion in valvular pulmonary stenosis","volume":"34","author":"WEYMAN, A.E.; C., D.I.L.L.O.N.J.; FEIGENBAUM, H.; CHANG, S.","year":"1974","unstructured":"WEYMAN, A.E., DILLON. J.C., FEIGENBAUM, H. & CHANG, S. (1974) Echocardiographic patterns of pulmonary valve motion in valvular pulmonary stenosis. American Journal of Cardiology, 34, 644.","journal-title":"American Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.52.5.828","article-title":"Cross-sectional echocardiography in assessing the severity of valvular aortic stenosis","volume":"52","author":"WEYMAN, A.E.; FEIGENBAUM, H.; DILLON, J.C.; CHANG, S.","year":"1975","unstructured":"WEYMAN, A.E., FEIGENBAUM, H., DILLON, J.C. & CHANG, S. (1975) Cross-sectional echocardiography in assessing the severity of valvular aortic stenosis. 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American Journal of Medicine, 60, 33.","journal-title":"American Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(76)90284-8","article-title":"Cross-sectional echocardiography in evaluating patients with discrete subaortic stenosis","volume":"37","author":"WEYMAN, A.E.; FEIGENBAUM, H.; HURWITZ, R.A.; GIROD, D.A.; DILLON, J.C.; CHANG, S.","year":"1976","unstructured":"WEYMAN, A.E., FEIGENBAUM, H., HURWITZ, R.A., GIROD, D.A., DILLON, J.C. & CHANG, S. (1976b) Cross-sectional echocardiography in evaluating patients with discrete subaortic stenosis. American Journal of Cardiology, 37, 358.","journal-title":"American Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.54.6.936","article-title":"Detection of left ventricular aneurysms by cross-sectional echocardiography","volume":"54","author":"WEYMAN, A.E.; PESKOE, S.M.; WILLIAMS, E.S.; DILLON, J.C.; FEIGENBAUM, H.","year":"1976","unstructured":"WEYMAN, A.E., PESKOE, S.M., WILLIAMS, E.S., DILLON, J.C. & FEIGENBAUM, H. (1976c) Detection of left ventricular aneurysms by cross-sectional echocardiography. Circulation, 54, 936.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(76)90320-9","article-title":"Cross-sectional echocardiographic localization of sites of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction","volume":"37","author":"WILLIAMS, D.E.; SAHN, D.J.; FRIEDMAN, W.F.","year":"1976","unstructured":"WILLIAMS, D.E., SAHN, D.J. & FRIEDMAN, W.F. (1976) Cross-sectional echocardiographic localization of sites of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. American Journal of Cardiology, 37, 250.","journal-title":"American Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(78)90107-8","article-title":"Cross-sectional echocardiographic diagnosis of large left atrial tumor and extracardiac tumor compressing the left atrium","volume":"42","author":"YOSHIKAWA, J.; SABAH, I.; YANAGIHARA, K.; OWAKI, T.; KATO, H.; TANEMOTO, K.","year":"1978","unstructured":"YOSHIKAWA, J., SABAH, I., YANAGIHARA, K., OWAKI, T., KATO, H. & TANEMOTO, K. (1978) Cross-sectional echocardiographic diagnosis of large left atrial tumor and extracardiac tumor compressing the left atrium. 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