{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T19:58:05Z","timestamp":1759694285325},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"673","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1981,11,1]],"date-time":"1981-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":373420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In a study of 180 male homosexual patients attending a venereal disease clinic, a correlation was sought between symptoms and signs of proctitis and the isolation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, group B streptococci, Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis and herpes simplex virus. Faecal specimens were examined for enteric pathogens and serological tests for hepatitis B virus, syphilitic and chlamydial infections were performed.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>There was no association between proctitis, as diagnosed by examination of a Gram-stained rectal smear, and the isolation of any micro-organism or detection of a positive serological test. There was, in addition, no association between any symptom or abnormal physical sign and any positive microbiological findings. Since 23% of patients from whom N. gonorrhoeae was isolated had no abnormal physical signs, it is difficult to assign a pathogenic role to other micro-organisms isolated from patients with and without clinical signs of proctitis. Approaches to further investigation of the problem are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.57.673.705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,29]],"date-time":"2008-12-29T20:43:59Z","timestamp":1230583439000},"page":"705-711","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A microbiological study of non-gonococcal proctitis in passive male homosexuals"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"P E","family":"Munday","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sexually Transmitted Diseases Research Group, MRC Clinical Research Centre , Harrow"},{"name":"The Praed Street Clinic, St Mary\u2019s Hospital , Paddington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A P","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sexually Transmitted Diseases Research Group, MRC Clinical Research Centre , Harrow"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B J","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sexually Transmitted Diseases Research Group, MRC Clinical Research Centre , Harrow"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D J","family":"Jeffries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, St Mary\u2019s Hospital Medical School , London"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S G","family":"Dawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Praed Street Clinic, St Mary\u2019s Hospital , Paddington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M J","family":"Osborn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sexually Transmitted Diseases Research Group, MRC Clinical Research Centre , Harrow"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Philip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Department of Microbiology, St Mary\u2019s Hospital Medical School , London"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J R W","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Praed Street Clinic, St Mary\u2019s Hospital , Paddington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Taylor-Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sexually Transmitted Diseases Research Group, MRC Clinical Research Centre , Harrow"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1981,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"422","article-title":"Diagnostic, treatment and reporting criteria for non-specific genital infection in sexually transmitted disease clinics in England and Wales: 1. Diagnosis","volume":"54","author":"ADLER, M.W.","year":"1978","unstructured":"ADLER, M.W. (1978) Diagnostic, treatment and reporting criteria for non-specific genital infection in sexually transmitted disease clinics in England and Wales: 1. Diagnosis. British Journal of Venereal Diseases, 54, 422.","journal-title":"British Journal of Venereal Diseases"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.7.6.524-528.1978","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of a modified zinc sulfate flotation technique","volume":"7","author":"BARTLETT, M.S.; HARPER, K.; SMITH, N.; VERBANAC, P.; SMITH, J.W.","year":"1978","unstructured":"BARTLETT, M.S., HARPER, K., SMITH, N., VERBANAC, P. & SMITH, J.W. (1978) Comparative evaluation of a modified zinc sulfate flotation technique. 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(1980) Faecal carriage of Group B streptococci. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 33, 1006.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Pathology"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5864.455","article-title":"Australia (hepatitisassociated) antigen in patients attending a venereal disease clinic","volume":"2","author":"JEFFRIES, D.J.; JAMES, W.H.; JEFFERISS, F.J.G.; MACLEOD, K.G.; WILLCOX, R.R.","year":"1973","unstructured":"JEFFRIES, D.J., JAMES, W.H., JEFFERISS, F.J.G., MACLEOD, K.G. & WILLCOX, R.R. (1973) Australia (hepatitisassociated) antigen in patients attending a venereal disease clinic. British Medical Journal, 2, 455.","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"190","article-title":"Role of sexual and non-sexual practices in the transmission of hepatitis B","volume":"53","author":"LIM, K.S.; WONG, V.T.; FULFORD, K.W.M.; CATTERALL, R.D.; BRIGGS, M.; DANE, D.S.","year":"1977","unstructured":"LIM, K.S., WONG, V.T., FULFORD, K.W.M., CATTERALL, R.D., BRIGGS, M. & DANE, D.S. (1977) Role of sexual and non-sexual practices in the transmission of hepatitis B. British Journal of Venereal Diseases, 53, 190.","journal-title":"British Journal of Venereal Diseases"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-78-5-696","article-title":"Sexual experience and urethral colonization with genital mycoplasmas. A study in normal men","volume":"78","author":"MCCORMACK, W.M.; LEE, Y.-H.; ZINNER, S.H.","year":"1973","unstructured":"MCCORMACK, W.M., LEE, Y-H & ZINNER, S.H. 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(1977)"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"54","article-title":"Giardia lamblia infection in homosexual men","volume":"53","unstructured":"Giardia lamblia infection in homosexual men. British Journal of Venereal Diseases, 53, 54.","journal-title":"British Journal of Venereal Diseases"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(81)90888-4","article-title":"The prevalence of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis in the cervix and anal canal of women","volume":"3","author":"MUNDAY, P.E.; FURR, P.M.; TAYLOR-ROBINSON, D.","year":"1981","unstructured":"MUNDAY, P.E., FURR, P.M. & TAYLOR-ROBINSON, D. (1981) The prevalence of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis in the cervix and anal canal of women. Journal of Infection, 3, 253.","journal-title":"Journal of Infection"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"327","article-title":"A clinical and microbiological study of non-gonococcal urethritis with particular reference to non-chlamydial disease","volume":"57","author":"MUNDAY, P.E.; THOMAS, B.J.; JOHNSON, A.P.; ALTMAN, D.G.; TAYLOR-ROBINSON, D.","year":"1981","unstructured":"MUNDAY, P.E., THOMAS, B.J., JOHNSON, A.P., ALTMAN, D.G. & TAYLOR-ROBINSON, D. (1981) A clinical and microbiological study of non-gonococcal urethritis with particular reference to non-chlamydial disease. British Journal of Venereal Diseases, 57, 327.","journal-title":"British Journal of Venereal Diseases"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"289","article-title":"Polyester sponge swabs to facilitate examination for genital infection in women","volume":"47","author":"OATES, J.K.; SELWYN, S.; BREACH, M.R.","year":"1971","unstructured":"OATES, J.K., SELWYN, S. & BREACH, M.R. (1971) Polyester sponge swabs to facilitate examination for genital infection in women. British Journal of Venereal Diseases, 47, 289.","journal-title":"British Journal of Venereal Diseases"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1977.03280140064021","article-title":"Amebiasis-an increasing problem among homosexuals in New York City","volume":"238","author":"SCHMERIN, M.J.; GELSTON, A.; JONES, T.C.","year":"1977","unstructured":"SCHMERIN, M.J., GELSTON, A. & JONES, T.C. (1977) Amebiasis-an increasing problem among homosexuals in New York City. Journal of the American Medical Association, 238, 1386.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-83-4-489","article-title":"On the role of sexual behaviour in the spread of hepatitis B infection","volume":"83","author":"SZMUNESS, W.; MUCH, M.I.; PRINCE, A.M.; HOOFNAGLE, J.H.; CHERUBIN, C.E.; HARLEY, E.J.; BLOCK, G.H.","year":"1975","unstructured":"SZMUNESS, W., MUCH, M.I., PRINCE, A.M., HOOFNAGLE, J.H., CHERUBIN, C.E., HARLEY, E.J. & BLOCK, G.H. (1975) On the role of sexual behaviour in the spread of hepatitis B infection. 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