{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T09:01:26Z","timestamp":1778317286903,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"743","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1987,9,1]],"date-time":"1987-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":557452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>We studied 25 patients with sickle cell disease (15 with HbSS; 8 with HbSC and 2 with HbS beta degree) using neurological examination as a marker of overt and computed tomographic (CT) scan as a marker of covert neurological damage. Of the 25 patients, 5 (20%) had evidence of cerebral infarcts on CT scan, but only 4 of these 5 patients had neurological signs. Neurological problems were only seen in patients with HbSS. We could not identify any haematological risk factors, but in this small group of HbSS patients a crisis rate greater than 1 per year of follow up was associated with a significant risk of neurological damage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.63.743.751","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,29]],"date-time":"2008-12-29T21:05:27Z","timestamp":1230584727000},"page":"751-753","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Incidence of overt and covert neurological damage in children with sickle cell disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"P C","family":"Hindmarsh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Central Middlesex Hospital , London NW10 7NS , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Brozovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology, Central Middlesex Hospital , London NW10 7NS , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C G D","family":"Brook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Central Middlesex Hospital , London NW10 7NS , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S C","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology, Central Middlesex Hospital , London NW10 7NS , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1987,9,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"26","key":"ref_1","first-page":"132","article-title":"Sickle cell anaemia: report of two cases in children, with necropsy in one case","volume":"1923","author":"Sydenstriked, V.P.; Mulherin, W.A.; Houseal, R.W.","unstructured":"Sydenstriked, V.P., Mulherin, W.A. & Houseal, R.W. Sickle cell anaemia: report of two cases in children, with necropsy in one case. AJDC 1923, 26: 132-154.","journal-title":"AJDC"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1097\/00043426-198224000-00006","article-title":"Neurological complications of sickle cell anaemia","volume":"4","author":"Sarnaik, S.A.; Lusher, J.M.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Sarnaik, S.A. & Lusher, J.M. Neurological complications of sickle cell anaemia. Am JPediatr Hematol\/Oncol 1982, 4: 386-394.","journal-title":"Am JPediatr Hematol\/Oncol"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-76-4-643","article-title":"Neurological manifestations in sickle cell disease","volume":"76","author":"Portnoy, B.; Heron, J.C.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Portnoy, B. & Heron, J.C. Neurological manifestations in sickle cell disease. Ann Int Med 1972, 76: 643-652.","journal-title":"Ann Int Med"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(78)90772-6","article-title":"The natural history of stroke in sickle cell disease","volume":"65","author":"Powars, D.; Wilson, B.; Imbus, C.; Pegelow, C.; Allen, J.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Powars, D., Wilson, B., Imbus, C., Pegelow, C. & Allen, J. The natural history of stroke in sickle cell disease. Am J Med 1978, 65: 461-471.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"1254","article-title":"Periodic transfusion for sickle cell anaemia and CNS infarction","volume":"133","author":"Sarniak, S.; Soorya, A.; Kim, J.; Ravindranath, Y.; Lusher, J.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Sarniak, S., Soorya, A., Kim, J., Ravindranath, Y. & Lusher, J. Periodic transfusion for sickle cell anaemia and CNS infarction. AJDC 1979, 133: 1254-1257.","journal-title":"AJDC"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(80)80803-1","article-title":"Efficacy of transfusion therapy for one to two years in patients with sickle cell disease and cerebrovascular accidents","volume":"96","year":"1980","unstructured":"Wilimas, J., Goff, J.R., Anderson, H.R. Jr, Langston, J.W. & Thompson, E. Efficacy of transfusion therapy for one to two years in patients with sickle cell disease and cerebrovascular accidents. J Pediatr 1980, 96: 205-208.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"17","key":"ref_7","first-page":"692","article-title":"Measurement of regional cerebral blood flow, blood volume and oxygen metabolism in adults with sickle cell disease using position emission tomography","volume":"1986","author":"Herold, S.; Brozovic, M.; Gibbs, J.M.","unstructured":"Herold, S., Brozovic, M., Gibbs, J.M. et al. Measurement of regional cerebral blood flow, blood volume and oxygen metabolism in adults with sickle cell disease using position emission tomography. Stroke 1986,17: 692-698.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198206173062402","article-title":"The interaction of alpha-thalassaemia and homozygous sickle cell disease","volume":"306","author":"Higgs, D.R.; Aldridge, B.E.; Lamb, J.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Higgs, D.R., Aldridge, B.E., Lamb, J. et al. The interaction of alpha-thalassaemia and homozygous sickle cell disease. N Engi J Med 1982, 306: 1441-1446.","journal-title":"N Engi J Med"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198202043060504","article-title":"Concurrent sickle cell anaemia and thalassaemia: effect on severity of anaemia","volume":"306","author":"Embury, S.H.; Dozy, A.M.; Miller, J.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Embury, S.H., Dozy, A.M., Miller, J. et al. Concurrent sickle cell anaemia and thalassaemia: effect on severity of anaemia. N Engl J Med 1983, 306: 270-274.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"63","key":"ref_10","first-page":"162","article-title":"Effect of transfusion therapy on arteriographic abnormalities and on recurrence of stroke in sickle cell disease","volume":"1984","author":"Russell, M.O.; Goldberg, H.I.; Hodson, A.","unstructured":"Russell, M.O., Goldberg, H.I., Hodson, A. et al. Effect of transfusion therapy on arteriographic abnormalities and on recurrence of stroke in sickle cell disease. Blood 1984, 63: 162-169.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"63","key":"ref_11","first-page":"921","article-title":"Is there a threshold level of fetal hemoglobin that ameliorates morbidity in sickle cell anemia?","volume":"1984","author":"Powars, D.R.; Weiss, J.N.; Chan, L.S.; Schroeder, W.A.","unstructured":"Powars, D.R., Weiss, J.N., Chan, L.S. & Schroeder, W.A. Is there a threshold level of fetal hemoglobin that ameliorates morbidity in sickle cell anemia? Blood 1984, 63: 921-926.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"289292","article-title":"Neurological complications of hemoglobin SC disease","volume":"41","author":"Fabian, R.H.; Peters, B.H.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Fabian, R.H. & Peters, B.H. Neurological complications of hemoglobin SC disease. Arch Neurol 1984, 41: 289292.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"312","article-title":"Haematologically and genetically distinct forms of sickle cell anaemia in Africa: the Senegal type and the Benin type","volume":"1985","author":"Nagel, R.L.; Fabry, M.E.; Pagnier, J.","unstructured":"Nagel, R.L., Fabry, M.E., Pagnier, J. et al. Haematologically and genetically distinct forms of sickle cell anaemia in Africa: the Senegal type and the Benin type. N Engl J Med 1985, 312: 880-884.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"316","key":"ref_14","first-page":"244250","article-title":"Molecular analysis of the high haemoglobin of phenotype in Saudi Arabian sickle cell anemia","volume":"1987","author":"Miller, B.A.; Olivieri, N.; Salameh","unstructured":"Miller, B.A., Olivieri, N., Salameh, et al. Molecular analysis of the high haemoglobin of phenotype in Saudi Arabian sickle cell anemia. NEnglJMed 1987,316: 244250.","journal-title":"NEnglJMed"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09734.x","article-title":"Stroke in children. Clinical characteristics and prognosis","volume":"72","author":"Eeg-Olofsson, 0. & Ringheim, Y","year":"1983","unstructured":"Eeg-Olofsson, 0. & Ringheim, Y. Stroke in children. Clinical characteristics and prognosis. Acta Paediatr Scand 1983, 72: 391-396.","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Scand"}],"container-title":["Postgraduate Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/63\/743\/751\/50080612\/postgradmedj-63-751.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/63\/743\/751\/50080612\/postgradmedj-63-751.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T05:14:29Z","timestamp":1683263669000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article\/63\/743\/751\/7047299"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1987,9,1]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"743","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1987,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/pgmj.63.743.751","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5473","1469-0756"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-5473","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-0756","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[1987,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[1987,9,1]]}}}