{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T22:13:39Z","timestamp":1766441619413},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"757","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1988,11,1]],"date-time":"1988-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":594345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Lipoatrophy and lipohypertrophy were the most frequently reported local complications of conventional insulin therapy. Early reports following the introduction of highly purified insulins suggested a reduction in the frequency of lipohypertrophy and lipoatrophy. Since highly purified insulins have been in common usage for 10 years, the present frequency of these complications was assessed in a study of 281 insulin treated diabetics. Lipohypertrophy was recorded in 76 (27.1%) patients including 3 with associated lipoatrophy. Lipoatrophy was found in 7 (2.5%) cases (3 porcine and 4 bovine insulin treated), 4 of which had only ever used highly purified insulins. Despite the introduction of highly purified insulins, lipohypertrophy and lipoatrophy remain prevalent in insulin treated patients. This common complication may be limited by routinely inspecting injection sites.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.64.757.850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,29]],"date-time":"2008-12-29T21:05:27Z","timestamp":1230584727000},"page":"850-853","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Lipohypertrophy and lipoatrophy complicating treatment with highly purified bovine and porcine insulins"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"P G","family":"McNally","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Leicester Royal Infirmary , Leicester LE1 5WW , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N I","family":"Jowett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Leicester Royal Infirmary , Leicester LE1 5WW , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J J","family":"Kurinczuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Leicester Royal Infirmary , Leicester LE1 5WW , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R W","family":"Peck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Leicester Royal Infirmary , Leicester LE1 5WW , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J R","family":"Hearnshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Leicester Royal Infirmary , Leicester LE1 5WW , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1988,11,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"24","key":"ref_1","first-page":"322","article-title":"Diabete sucre et tissue adipeux","volume":"1957","author":"Renold, A.E.; Winigrad, A.I.; Martin, D.B.","unstructured":"Renold, A.E., Winigrad, A.I. & Martin, D.B. Diabete sucre et tissue adipeux. Helv Med Acta 1957, 24: 322-327.","journal-title":"Helv Med Acta"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.6155.25","article-title":"Very pure porcine insulin in clinical practice","volume":"1","author":"Wright, A.D.; Walsh, C.H.; Fitzgerald, M.C.; Malins, J.M.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Wright, A.D., Walsh, C.H., Fitzgerald, M.C. & Malins, J.M. Very pure porcine insulin in clinical practice. Br Med J 1979, 1: 25-27.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00423037","article-title":"Treatment of insulin lipoatrophy with monocomponent insulin","volume":"10","author":"Teuscher, A.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Teuscher, A. Treatment of insulin lipoatrophy with monocomponent insulin. Diabetologia 1974, 10: 211-214.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"283","key":"ref_4","first-page":"349","article-title":"Insulin injection sites in diabetes - a neglected area?","volume":"1981","author":"Young, R.J.; Steel, J.M.; Frier, B.M.; Duncan, L.J.P.","unstructured":"Young, R.J., Steel, J.M., Frier, B.M. & Duncan, L.J.P. Insulin injection sites in diabetes - a neglected area? Br Med J 1981, 283: 349.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.57.8.638-b","article-title":"Lipoatrophy in a patient on highly purified beef insulin","volume":"57","author":"Evans-Jones, L.G.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Evans-Jones, L.G. Lipoatrophy in a patient on highly purified beef insulin. Arclh Dis Child 1982, 57: 638-639.","journal-title":"Arclh Dis Child"},{"issue":"282","key":"ref_6","first-page":"190","article-title":"Lipoatrophy and monocomponent porcine insulin","volume":"1981","author":"Jones, G.R.; Statham, B.; Owens, D.R.; Jones, M.K.; Hayes, T.M.","unstructured":"Jones, G.R., Statham, B., Owens, D.R., Jones, M.K. & Hayes, T.M. Lipoatrophy and monocomponent porcine insulin. Br Med J 1981, 282: 190.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref_7","first-page":"130","article-title":"Lipoatrophy with highly purified insulins and treatment with recombinant human insulin","volume":"1988","author":"Jowett, N.I.; McNally, P.G.","unstructured":"Jowett, N.I. & McNally, P.G. Lipoatrophy with highly purified insulins and treatment with recombinant human insulin. Practical Diabetes 1988, 5: 130-131.","journal-title":"Practical Diabetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref_8","first-page":"10","article-title":"Insulin injection technique and diabetic control","volume":"1984","author":"Burden, A.C.; Jones, G.R.; Blandford, R.L.","unstructured":"Burden, A.C., Jones, G.R. & Blandford, R.L. Insulin injection technique and diabetic control. Practical Diabetes 1984, 1: 10-12.","journal-title":"Practical Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-92-1-59","article-title":"Alterations in insulin absorption and in blood glucose control associated with varying insulin injection sites in diabetic patients","volume":"92","author":"Koivisto, V.A.; Felig, P.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Koivisto, V.A. & Felig, P. Alterations in insulin absorption and in blood glucose control associated with varying insulin injection sites in diabetic patients. Ann Int Med 1980, 92: 59-61.","journal-title":"Ann Int Med"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.280.6230.1500","article-title":"Insulininduced lipoatrophy: evidence for an immune pathogenesis","volume":"280","author":"Reeves, W.G.; Allen, B.R.; Tattersall, R.B.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Reeves, W.G., Allen, B.R. & Tattersall, R.B. Insulininduced lipoatrophy: evidence for an immune pathogenesis. Br Med J 1980, 280: 1500-1503.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"183","article-title":"Immunology of diabetes and insulin therapy","volume-title":"Recent Advances in Clinical Immunology","author":"Reeves, W.G.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Reeves, W.G. Immunology of diabetes and insulin therapy. In: Thomson, R.A. (ed) Recent Advances in Clinical Immunology. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, London, New York, 1980, pp 183-220."},{"issue":"46","key":"ref_12","first-page":"55","article-title":"Action of insulin on deposition of glycogen and storage of fat in subcutaneous tissue","volume":"1950","author":"Renold, A.E.; Marble, A.; Fawcett, D.W.","unstructured":"Renold, A.E., Marble, A. & Fawcett, D.W. Action of insulin on deposition of glycogen and storage of fat in subcutaneous tissue. Endocrinology 1950, 46: 55.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"1539","article-title":"Bilateral abdominal lipohypertrophy after continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin","volume":"283","author":"Meier, A.; Weerakoon, J.; Dandona, P.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Meier, A., Weerakoon, J. & Dandona, P. Bilateral abdominal lipohypertrophy after continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin. Br Med J 1982, 283: 1539.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"860","article-title":"Insulin treatment of diabetes mellitus","volume":"55","author":"Bressler, R.; Galloway, J.A.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Bressler, R. & Galloway, J.A. Insulin treatment of diabetes mellitus. Med Clin North Am 1971, 55: 860-876.","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref_15","first-page":"479","article-title":"Diabetic lipohypertrophy delays insulin absorption","volume":"1984","author":"Young, R.J.; Hannan, W.J.; Frier, B.M.; Steel, J.M.; Duncan, L.J.P.","unstructured":"Young, R.J., Hannan, W.J., Frier, B.M., Steel, J.M. & Duncan, L.J.P. Diabetic lipohypertrophy delays insulin absorption. Diabetes Care 1984, 7: 479-480.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"}],"container-title":["Postgraduate Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/64\/757\/850\/50078799\/postgradmedj-64-850.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/64\/757\/850\/50078799\/postgradmedj-64-850.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T04:38:50Z","timestamp":1683261530000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article\/64\/757\/850\/7047969"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1988,11,1]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"757","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1988,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/pgmj.64.757.850","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5473","1469-0756"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-5473","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-0756","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[1988,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[1988,11,1]]}}}