{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T19:26:10Z","timestamp":1783452370855,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"781","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1990,11,1]],"date-time":"1990-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":657417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Liver involvement in typhoid fever is uncommon. Typhoid hepatitis is now being recognized as a definite entity. Over a period of 4 years, we have observed 10 cases (4.8%) of typhoid hepatitis out of 210 cases of typhoid fever. Jaundice, anaemia, hepatomegaly and abnormal biochemical tests were present in all cases. Liver biopsy was done in 8 cases and was found to be abnormal in 5. Two of the 10 cases of typhoid hepatitis died.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Recognition of typhoid hepatitis is important since it has to be differentiated from other common ailments in the tropics such as viral, malarial or amoebic hepatitis. Early institution of specific therapy in cases of typhoid hepatitis carries a good prognosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.66.781.923","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,29]],"date-time":"2008-12-29T21:01:03Z","timestamp":1230584463000},"page":"923-925","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Typhoid hepatitis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"S N","family":"Khosla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Medical College and Hospital , Rohtak, 124001 (Haryana), India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1990,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"185","article-title":"Changing patterns of typhoid-A reappraisal","volume":"25","author":"Khosla, S.N.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Khosla, S.N. Changing patterns of typhoid-A reappraisal. Asian Med J 1982, 25: 185-198.","journal-title":"Asian Med J"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1974.03240020026016","article-title":"Typhoid hepatitis","volume":"230","author":"Ramachandran, S.; Godfrey, J.J.; Perera, M.V.F.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Ramachandran, S., Godfrey, J.J. & Perera, M.V.F. Typhoid hepatitis. JAMA 1974, 230: 236-240.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"32","key":"ref_3","first-page":"302","article-title":"Typhoid hepatitis","volume":"1984","author":"Dagli, A.J.; Lulla, S.B.; Nagle, S.B.","unstructured":"Dagli, A.J., Lulla, S.B. & Nagle, S.B. Typhoid hepatitis. J Assoc Physicians India 1984, 32: 302-303.","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"141","article-title":"The liver in typhoid fever","volume":"59","author":"Ayhan, A.; Gokoz, A.; Karacadag, S.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Ayhan, A., Gokoz, A. & Karacadag, S. The liver in typhoid fever. Am J Gastroenterol 1973, 59: 141-146.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"146","article-title":"Typhoid fever manifesting with haematemesis, hepatitis and haemolysis","volume":"81","author":"Rao, P.N.; Bhusnurmath, S.R.; Naik, S.R.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Rao, P.N., Bhusnurmath, S.R. & Naik, S.R. Typhoid fever manifesting with haematemesis, hepatitis and haemolysis. J Trop Med Hyg 1978, 81: 146-149.","journal-title":"J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"33","key":"ref_6","first-page":"417","article-title":"Enteric hepatitis","volume":"1985","author":"Karr, P.; Bhargava, D.K.; Tandon, B.N.","unstructured":"Karr, P., Bhargava, D.K. & Tandon, B.N. Enteric hepatitis. J Assoc Physicians India 1985, 33: 417-418.","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"issue":"33","key":"ref_7","first-page":"621","article-title":"Typhoid hepatitis","volume":"1985","author":"Singh, D.S.","unstructured":"Singh, D.S. Typhoid hepatitis. J Assoc Physicians India 1985, 33: 621.","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref_8","first-page":"373","article-title":"Hepatic complications of typhoid fever","volume":"1899","author":"Osler, W.","unstructured":"Osler, W. Hepatic complications of typhoid fever. Johns Hopkins Hosp Rep 1899, 8: 373-387.","journal-title":"Johns Hopkins Hosp Rep"},{"issue":"78","key":"ref_9","first-page":"629","article-title":"Typhoid-clinical analysis of 360 cases","volume":"1946","author":"Stuart, B.M.; Pullen, R.I.","unstructured":"Stuart, B.M. & Pullen, R.I. Typhoid-clinical analysis of 360 cases. Arch Ind Med 1946, 78: 629-667.","journal-title":"Arch Ind Med"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1978.03630270047018","article-title":"Typhoid fever-studies of blood coagulation, bacteremia and endotoxemia","volume":"137","author":"Butler, T.; Williams, R.; Ball, J.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Butler, T., Williams, R. & Ball, J. Typhoid fever-studies of blood coagulation, bacteremia and endotoxemia. Arch Intern Med 1978, 137: 407-410.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"83","key":"ref_11","first-page":"413","article-title":"The spectrum of hepatic injury in enteric fever","volume":"1988","author":"Khosla, S.N.; Singh, R.; Singh, G.P.","unstructured":"Khosla, S.N., Singh, R. & Singh, G.P. The spectrum of hepatic injury in enteric fever. Am J Gastroenterol 1988, 83: 413-416.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"63","volume":"69","author":"Nasrullah, S.M.; Nassar, V.H.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Nasrullah, S.M. & Nassar, V.H. Enteric fever. Am J Gastroenterol 1978, 69: 63-69.","journal-title":"Enteric fever. Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"84","key":"ref_13","first-page":"253","article-title":"A case of typhoid fever complicated by severe bleeding syndrome due to deficiency of prothrombin group of coagulating factors","volume":"1981","author":"Greig, H.B.; Naidoo, P.D.","unstructured":"Greig, H.B. & Naidoo, P.D. A case of typhoid fever complicated by severe bleeding syndrome due to deficiency of prothrombin group of coagulating factors. J Trop Med Hyg 1981, 84: 253-257.","journal-title":"J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"221","article-title":"Typhoid fever complicated by hepatitis, nephritis and thrombocytopenia","volume":"1972","author":"Faierman, D.; Rose, F.A.; Seckler, S.G.","unstructured":"Faierman, D., Rose, F.A. & Seckler, S.G. Typhoid fever complicated by hepatitis, nephritis and thrombocytopenia. JAMA 1972, 221: 60-62.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"95","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric manifestations of typhoid","volume":"80","author":"Khosla, S.N.; Srivastava, S.C.; Gupta, S.P.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Khosla, S.N., Srivastava, S.C. & Gupta, S.P. Neuropsychiatric manifestations of typhoid. J Trop Med Hyg 1977, 80: 95-98.","journal-title":"J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"431","article-title":"Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System, sixth edition","author":"Sherlock, S.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Sherlock, S. Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System, sixth edition. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, London, 1981, p. 431-446."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"461","article-title":"Viral hepatitis","author":"Koff, S.R.; Galambos, J.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Koff, S.R. & Galambos, J. Viral hepatitis. In: Schiff, L. & Schiff, E.R (eds) Diseases of the Liver. J.P. Lippincott, Philadelphia, Toronto 1982, p. 461-610."}],"container-title":["Postgraduate Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/66\/781\/923\/50077416\/postgradmedj-66-923.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/66\/781\/923\/50077416\/postgradmedj-66-923.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]],"date-time":"2023-05-23T06:33:44Z","timestamp":1684823624000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article\/66\/781\/923\/7061916"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,11,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"781","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1990,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/pgmj.66.781.923","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5473","1469-0756"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-5473","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-0756","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[1990,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,11,1]]}}}