{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T18:34:44Z","timestamp":1761762884574},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"857","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,3,1]],"date-time":"1997-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":857174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Growth factors or humoral agents can support haemopoiesis in various bone marrow disorders. They have the ability to act on multiple cell lineages and in myeloid cells, and the potential to act on the neoplastic equivalent of normal cells. Anaemia is a common feature of multiple myeloma seen in at least two-thirds of patients at presentation. Erythropoietin is increasingly being used with variable effect for the treatment of this anaemia, especially in cases associated with renal failure and in patients in whom blood transfusion may be undesirable or contraindicated. We describe a patient treated with recombinant erythropoietin who developed fulminating malignant transformation. The demonstration of erythropoietin receptors on a human myeloma cell line and the occurrence of the rare complication of plasma cell leukaemia in our patient stresses the need for caution and invites detailed clinical and laboratory studies before its general use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.73.857.163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,29]],"date-time":"2008-12-29T21:49:00Z","timestamp":1230587340000},"page":"163-164","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Does erythropoietin accelerate malignant transformation in multiple myeloma?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Olujohungbe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Myeloma Trials Office, Department of Immunology, University of Birmingham , Birmingham B15 2TT, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Handa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology, Sandwell District Hospital , Lyndon, West Bromwich B71 4HJ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Holmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital , Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.308.6935.1033","article-title":"Current issues in cancer. Multiple myeloma","volume":"308","author":"MacLennan, I.C.M.M.; Drayson, M.; Dunn, J.","year":"1994","unstructured":"MacLennan ICMM, Drayson M, Dunn J. Current issues in cancer. Multiple myeloma. BMJ 1994; 308: 1033-6.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199006143222402","article-title":"Erythropoietin treatment of anaemia associated with multiple myeloma","volume":"322","author":"Ludwig, H.; Fritz, E.; Kotzmann, H.; Hocker, P.; Gisslinger, H.; Baras, U.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ludwig H, Fritz E, Kotzmann H,Hocker P,Gisslinger H, Baras U. Erythropoietin treatment of anaemia associated with multiple myeloma. N EnglJ Med 1990; 322: 1693-9.","journal-title":"N EnglJ Med"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"176","article-title":"Is erythropoietin treatment safe and effective in myeloma patients receiving haemodialysis?","volume":"40","author":"Caillette, A.; Barreto, S.; Gimenez, E.; Labeeuw, M.; Zech, P.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Caillette A, Barreto S, Gimenez E, Labeeuw M, Zech P. Is erythropoietin treatment safe and effective in myeloma patients receiving haemodialysis? Clin Nephrol 1993; 40: 176-8.","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.301.6753.667-a","article-title":"Effect of erythropoietin in patients with myeloma","volume":"301","author":"Rogers, S.; Russell, N.H.; Morgan, A.G.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Rogers S, Russell NH, Morgan AG. Effect of erythropoietin in patients with myeloma. BMJ 1990; 301: 667.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.5530110203","article-title":"Recombinant human erythropoietin and the anaemia of multiple myeloma","volume":"11","author":"Barlogie, B.; Beck, T.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Barlogie B, Beck T. Recombinant human erythropoietin and the anaemia of multiple myeloma. Stem Cells 1993; 11: 88-94.","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1992.tb02976.x","article-title":"Responsiveness of bone marrow erythroid progenitors to recombinant human erythropoietin in vitro in multiple myeloma","volume":"81","author":"Aoki, I.; Nishijima, K.; Homori, M.; Nakahara, K.; Higashi, K.; Ishikawa, K.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Aoki I, Nishijima K, Homori M, Nakahara K, Higashi K, Ishikawa K. Responsiveness of bone marrow erythroid progenitors to recombinant human erythropoietin in vitro in multiple myeloma. BrJ Haematol 1992; 81: 463-9.","journal-title":"BrJ Haematol"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"517","article-title":"Paracrine but not autocrine regulation of myeloma cell growth and differentiation by interleukin-6. Blood","volume":"73","author":"Klein, B.J.; Zhang, X.G.; Jourdan, M.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Klein BJ, Zhang XG, Jourdan M, et al. Paracrine but not autocrine regulation of myeloma cell growth and differentiation by interleukin-6. Blood 1991; 73: 517."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2599","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V76.12.2599.2599","article-title":"Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor synergizes with interleukin-6 in supporting proliferation ofhuman myeloma cells","volume":"76","author":"Zhang, X.G.; Bataille, R.; Jourdan, M.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Zhang XG, Bataille R, Jourdan M, et al. Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor synergizes with interleukin-6 in supporting proliferation ofhuman myeloma cells. Blood 1990; 76: 2599-605.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(90)90510-T","article-title":"Expression of the erythropoietin receptor on a human myeloma cell line","volume":"170","author":"Okuno, Y.; Takahashi, T.; Susuki, A.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Okuno Y, Takahashi T, Susuki A, et al. Expression of the erythropoietin receptor on a human myeloma cell line. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1990; 170: 1128-34.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V72.6.2060.2060","article-title":"Effects of recombinant erythropoietin on the concentration and cycling status of human haemopoietic progenitor cells in vivo","volume":"72","author":"Dessypris, E.N.; Graber, S.E.; Krantz, D.B.; Stone, W.J.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Dessypris EN, Graber SE, Krantz DB, Stone WJ. Effects of recombinant erythropoietin on the concentration and cycling status of human haemopoietic progenitor cells in vivo. 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A study of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG)","volume":"82","author":"M, Rowe J.; J, Andersen; JJ, Mazza","year":"1993","unstructured":"Rowe J.M, Andersen J, Mazza JJ, et al. Phase III randomized placebo controlled study of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor in adult patients (55-70 years) with acute myelogenous leukaemia. A study of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG). 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