{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T18:49:20Z","timestamp":1778352560030,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"878","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,12,1]],"date-time":"1998-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":912470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Fifty-five patients with oral submucosal fibrosis and an equal number of patients with no evidence of the disease were studied. All patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and any abnormality was noted. Multiple oesophageal biopsies were obtained from the upper end of the oesophagus and from any endoscopically observed abnormality. The histological changes in the two groups were assessed blindly by an experienced histopathologist. Histological abnormalities were noted in the oesophageal mucosa in 2% of controls and 66% of patients with oral submucosal fibrosis (p &amp;lt; 0.0001). In the control group, acanthosis was seen in one patient, while in the patient group atrophy of the squamous epithelium was evident in 52%, hyperkeratosis in 52%, parakeratosis in 30%, dyskeratosis in 14%, acanthosis in 14%, and papillomatosis and mild dysplasia in 2% patients. Subepithelial collagenization was seen in 32 (64%) patients. The oesophageal abnormalities were seen more frequently in patients who had consumed Pan masala, Gutka, betel nut, tobacco or a combination of some or all of these, with or without betel leaf, for &amp;gt; or = 5 years compared to those consuming them for a shorter period of time (91% vs 46%, p &amp;lt; 0.001). It is concluded that oral submucosal fibrosis is not a disease confined to the oral cavity; the oesophagus may also be involved in about two-thirds of patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.74.878.733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,29]],"date-time":"2008-12-29T21:49:00Z","timestamp":1230587340000},"page":"733-736","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Oesophageal subepithelial fibrosis: an extension of oral submucosal fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"S P","family":"Misra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, MLN Medical College , Allahabad 211 01, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V","family":"Misra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, MLN Medical College , Allahabad 211 01, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Dwivedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, MLN Medical College , Allahabad 211 01, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S C","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, MLN Medical College , Allahabad 211 01, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.33.1.4","article-title":"Oral submucosal fibrosis - a preventable disease","volume":"33","author":"Jayanthi, V.; Probert, C.S.J.; Sher, K.S.; Mayberry, J.F.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Jayanthi V, Probert CSJ, Sher KS, Mayberry JF. 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Br Jf Cancer 1968;22:646-54.","journal-title":"Br Jf Cancer"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"228","article-title":"Frequency of oral leukoplakia and related conditions among 10,000 Bombayites: preliminary report","volume-title":"Jf All India Dent Assoc","volume":"37","author":"Pindborg, J.J.; Kalapessi, H.K.; Kale, S.; Singh, B.; Talyerkhan, B.N.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Pindborg JJ, Kalapessi HK, Kale S, Singh B, Talyerkhan BN. Frequency of oral leukoplakia and related conditions among 10,000 Bombayites: preliminary report. Jf All India Dent Assoc 1965;37:228-9."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"290","article-title":"Frequency of oral mucosal lesions among 5000 individuals in Trivandrum, South India","volume-title":"Jf All India Dental Assoc","volume":"38","author":"Zachariah, J.; Mathew, B.; Varma, N.A.R.; Iqbal, A.M.; Pindborg, J.J.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Zachariah J, Mathew B, Varma NAR, Iqbal AM, Pindborg JJ. Frequency of oral mucosal lesions among 5000 individuals in Trivandrum, South India. Jf All India Dental Assoc 1966;38:290-6."},{"issue":"124","key":"ref_6","first-page":"121","article-title":"Oral submucous fibrosis. A case report","volume":"1968","author":"Kennedy, T.F.; MacDonald, D.G.","unstructured":"Kennedy TF, MacDonald DG. Oral submucous fibrosis. A case report. Br DentJ 1968;124:121-4.","journal-title":"Br DentJ"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"313","article-title":"Submucous fibrosis","volume":"125","author":"Moos, K.F.; Madan, D.K.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Moos KF, Madan DK. Submucous fibrosis. BrDentj 1968; 125:313-7.","journal-title":"BrDentj"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/0266-4356(84)90010-X","article-title":"Oral submucous fibrosis: two cases of malignant transformation in Asian immigrants to the United Kingdom","volume":"22","author":"McGurk, M.; Craig, G.T.","year":"1984","unstructured":"McGurk M, Craig GT. Oral submucous fibrosis: two cases of malignant transformation in Asian immigrants to the United Kingdom. BrJ Oral Max Surg 1984;22:56-64.","journal-title":"BrJ Oral Max Surg"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4805869","article-title":"Oral submucous fibrosis: a cause for concern","volume":"160","author":"Foster, B.A.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Foster BA. Oral submucous fibrosis: a cause for concern. Br DentJ 1986;160:378.","journal-title":"Br DentJ"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4805876","article-title":"Oral submucous fibrosis: its pathogenesis and management","volume":"160","author":"CaniffJP, Harvey W.; M, Harris","year":"1986","unstructured":"CaniffJP, Harvey W, Harris M. Oral submucous fibrosis: its pathogenesis and management. Br DentJ 1986;160:429-34.","journal-title":"Br DentJ"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"331","article-title":"Idiopathic scleroderma of the mouth. Report of three cases","volume":"59","author":"Su, J.P.","year":"1954","unstructured":"Su JP. Idiopathic scleroderma of the mouth. Report of three cases. Arch Otolaryngol 1954;59:331-2.","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(66)90367-7","article-title":"Oral submucous fibrosis","volume":"22","author":"Pindborg, J.J.; Sirsat, M.S.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Pindborg JJ, Sirsat MS. Oral submucous fibrosis. Oral Surg 1966;22:764-79.","journal-title":"Oral Surg"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(79)90128-2","article-title":"Submucous fibrosis in Taiwan","volume":"47","author":"Shiaw, Y.Y.; Kwan, H.W.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Shiaw YY, Kwan HW. Submucous fibrosis in Taiwan. Oral Surg 1979;47:453-7.","journal-title":"Oral Surg"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"572","article-title":"Betel nut chewing and dietary habits of chewers with and without submucous fibrosis and with concomitant oral cancer","volume":"74","author":"Seedat, H.A.; Van Wyk, C.W.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Seedat HA, Van Wyk CW. Betel nut chewing and dietary habits of chewers with and without submucous fibrosis and with concomitant oral cancer. S Aft Med J 1988;74:572-5.","journal-title":"S Aft Med J"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"343","article-title":"Oral submucosal fibrosis: A possible case in a person of Caucasian descent","volume":"122","author":"Lemmer, J.; Shear, M.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Lemmer J, Shear M. Oral submucosal fibrosis: A possible case in a person of Caucasian descent. Br Dent Surg 1967;122:343-6.","journal-title":"Br Dent Surg"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"37","article-title":"A mouthguard for endoscopic examination of patients with oral submucus fibrosis and ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint","volume":"30","author":"Misra, S.P.; Dwivedi, M.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Misra SP, Dwivedi M. A mouthguard for endoscopic examination of patients with oral submucus fibrosis and ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint. Endoscopy 1998;30:S37.","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"56871","article-title":"Wyk CW Betel nut chewing and submucous fibrosis in Durban","volume":"74","author":"Seedat, H.A.; Van","year":"1988","unstructured":"Seedat HA, Van Wyk CW Betel nut chewing and submucous fibrosis in Durban. S Aft Med Jf 1988;74:56871.","journal-title":"S Aft Med Jf"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"312","article-title":"Oesophageal changes in oral submucous fibrosis using fibreoptic endoscopy - a pilot study","volume":"41","author":"Maher, R.; Ahmed, W.; Qureshi, H.; Zuberi, S.J.; Syed, S.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Maher R, Ahmed W, Qureshi H, Zuberi SJ, Syed S. Oesophageal changes in oral submucous fibrosis using fibreoptic endoscopy - a pilot study. J Pakistan Med Assoc 1991;41:312-3.","journal-title":"J Pakistan Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"224","article-title":"Oral submucous fibrosis as a precancerous condition. ScandJ3 Dent","volume":"92","author":"Pindborg, J.J.; Murthy, P.R.; Bhonsle, R.B.; Gupta, P.C.; Daftary, D.K.; Mehta, F.S.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Pindborg JJ, Murthy PR, Bhonsle RB, Gupta PC, Daftary DK, Mehta FS. Oral submucous fibrosis as a precancerous condition. ScandJ3 Dent Res 1984;92:224-9.","journal-title":"Res"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"15","article-title":"Ultrastructural changes in oesophageal mucosa of chronic tobacco chewers","volume":"98","author":"Shankaran, K.; Kandarkar, S.V.; Contractor, Q.Q.; Kalro, R.H.; Desai, H.G.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Shankaran K, Kandarkar SV, Contractor QQ, Kalro RH, Desai HG. Ultrastructural changes in oesophageal mucosa of chronic tobacco chewers. Indian J Med Res 1993; 98:15-","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"}],"container-title":["Postgraduate Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/74\/878\/733\/50222408\/postgradmedj-74-733.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/74\/878\/733\/50222408\/postgradmedj-74-733.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]],"date-time":"2023-05-15T10:46:42Z","timestamp":1684147602000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article\/74\/878\/733\/7062693"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,12,1]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"878","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/pgmj.74.878.733","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5473","1469-0756"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-5473","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-0756","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[1998,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,12,1]]}}}