{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T19:25:39Z","timestamp":1783711539591,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"919","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,1]],"date-time":"2002-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1020211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a successful and recognised treatment option for patients with a number of haematological and non-haematological malignant and non-malignant conditions. Pulmonary complications both infectious and non-infectious are common after BMT. Multiple factors are thought to contribute to pulmonary complications, including the type and duration of immunological defects produced by the underlying disease and treatment, the development of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and the conditioning regimens employed. These complications are classified as early or late, depending on whether they occur before or after 100 days from transplantation. Early non-infectious pulmonary complications typically include pulmonary oedema, upper airway complications, diffuse alveolar haemorrhage, cytolytic thrombi, and pleural effusion. Bronchiolitis obliterans, veno-occlusive disease, and secondary malignancies occur late after BMT. Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome, GVHD, and radiation induced lung injury can occur in early or late period after BMT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.78.919.257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:46:58Z","timestamp":1027766818000},"page":"257-262","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Non-infectious pulmonary complications after bone marrow transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"I","family":"Khurshid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University , Greenville, North Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L C","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University , Greenville, North Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023042416174279200_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.87.2.237","article-title":"Pulmonary complications in bone marrow transplantation","volume":"87","author":"Krowka","year":"1985","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-5231(21)00698-5","article-title":"Pulmonary complications following bone marrow transplantation","volume":"11","author":"Chan","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/146.2.485","article-title":"Pulmonary complications in lymphoma patients treated with high-dose therapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation","volume":"146","author":"Jules-Elysee","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pulmonary complications of marrow transplantation","volume":"12","author":"Buchner","year":"1984","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.41.7.497","article-title":"Bone marrow transplantation and the lung","volume":"41","author":"Hamilton","year":"1986","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.92.2.303","article-title":"Prevention of acute pulmonary edema after bone marrow transplantation","volume":"92","author":"Dickout","year":"1987","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/147.6_Pt_1.1601","article-title":"Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome after bone marrow transplantation","volume":"147","author":"Clark","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/147.6_Pt_1.1393","article-title":"Clinical course of idiopathic pneumonia after bone marrow transplantation","volume":"147","author":"Crawford","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-198805000-00004","article-title":"Interstitial pneumonitis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation","volume":"67","author":"Wingard","year":"1988","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1701995","article-title":"High-dose corticosteroid therapy for diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in allogeneic bone marrow stem cell transplant recipients","volume":"24","author":"Raptis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1702546","article-title":"Increasing incidence of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: cryptic etiology and uncertain therapy","volume":"26","author":"Lewis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.157.3.1872226","article-title":"Diffuse pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage after bone marrow transplantation: radiographic findings in 39 patients","volume":"157","author":"Witte","year":"1991","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R13","first-page":"863","article-title":"Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage associated with microangiopathy after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation","volume":"15","author":"Srivastava","year":"1995","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R14","first-page":"1006","article-title":"Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: a postmortem study","volume":"151","author":"Agustic","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(94)90062-0","article-title":"Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy for diffuse alveolar hemorrhage associated with bone marrow transplantation","volume":"96","author":"Metcalf","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.111.4.1061","article-title":"Pulmonary radiation injury","volume":"111","author":"Movsas","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198704093161504","article-title":"Chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy in limited small-cell carcinoma of lung","volume":"316","author":"Perry","year":"1987","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R18","first-page":"877","article-title":"Post-irradiation changes in the lung and thorax","volume":"43","author":"Fried","year":"1940","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198204000-00003","article-title":"CT manifestation of radiation-induced changes in lung tissue","volume":"6","author":"Panaji","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(79)90761-2","article-title":"Pulmonary toxicity after radiation and bleomycin: a review","volume":"5","author":"Catane","year":"1979","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R21","first-page":"443","article-title":"The pulmonary complications of bone marrow transplantation in adults (clinical conference)","volume":"150","author":"Noble","year":"1989","journal-title":"West J Med"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R22","first-page":"247","article-title":"Massive pleural effusion attributed to high-dose cyclophosphamide during conditioning for bone marrow transplantation","volume":"18","author":"Schaap","year":"1996","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R23","first-page":"302","article-title":"Chylothorax as a complication central venous catheter-induced superior vena cava thrombosis","volume":"9","author":"Schiller","year":"1992","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(86)90266-4","article-title":"Hepatic venoocclusive disease","volume":"81","author":"Rollins","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-198706000-00020","article-title":"Veno-occlusive disease of the liver after chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation","volume":"43","author":"Dulley","year":"1987","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R26","first-page":"467","article-title":"Hepatic veno-occlusive disease post-bone marrow transplantation in children conditioned with busufan and cyclophosphamide: incidence, risk factors and clinical outcome","volume":"7","author":"Ozkaynak","year":"1991","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R27","first-page":"315","article-title":"Mediastinal emphysema in marrow transplant recipeints","volume":"2","author":"Hill","year":"1987","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-198906000-00014","article-title":"Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease following bone marrow transplantation","volume":"47","author":"Hackman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1702429","article-title":"Non-infectious lung complications are closely associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease: a single center study of incidence, risk factors and outcome","volume":"25","author":"Duncker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199212000-00012","article-title":"A chronic pulmonary syndrome associated with graft-verses-host disease after allogeneic marrow transplantation","volume":"6","author":"Schwarer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-198709000-00001","article-title":"Small-airway disease in recipients of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation","volume":"66","author":"Chan","year":"1987","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/0046-8177(95)90174-4","article-title":"The histological spectrum of graft-verses-host disease in bone marrow transplant recipients","volume":"26","author":"Yousem","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-111-5-368","article-title":"Obstructive lung disease after allogeneic marrow transplantation","volume":"111","author":"Clark","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V72.2.621.621","article-title":"Bronchiolitis obliterans in bone marrow transplantation and its relationship to chronic graft-v-host disease and low serum IgG","volume":"72","author":"Holland","year":"1988","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.101.3.775","article-title":"Bronchiolitis obliterans after autologous bone marrow transplantation","volume":"102","author":"Paz","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.17.6.9397451","article-title":"Pulmonary complication after bone marrow transplantation: Highresolution CT and pathologic findings","volume":"17","author":"Worthy","year":"1997","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.149.3.8118651","article-title":"Secondary alveolar proteinosis is a reversible cause of respiratory failure in leukemic patients","volume":"149","author":"Cordonnier","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198909213211203","article-title":"Secondary cancers after bone marrow transplantation for leukemic or aplastic anemia","volume":"321","author":"Witherspoon","year":"1989","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1702137","article-title":"Pulmonary cytolytic thrombi: a newly recognized complication of stem cell transplantation","volume":"25","author":"Woodard","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R40","first-page":"175a","article-title":"A previously unrecognized complication of bone marrow transplantation","volume":"11","author":"Gulbahce","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-198402000-00008","article-title":"Obstructive lung disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation","volume":"37","author":"Kurzrock","year":"1984","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2023042416174279200_R42","first-page":"92","article-title":"Obstructive ventilation disorder as a severe complication of chronic graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplantation","volume":"10","author":"Link","year":"1982","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"}],"container-title":["Postgraduate Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/78\/919\/257\/50040938\/postgradmedj-78-257.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/78\/919\/257\/50040938\/postgradmedj-78-257.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]],"date-time":"2023-04-24T16:25:52Z","timestamp":1682353552000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article\/78\/919\/257\/7039416"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,1]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"919","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/pmj.78.919.257","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5473","1469-0756"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-5473","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-0756","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2002,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,1]]}}}