{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:52:06Z","timestamp":1792806726074,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pract Neurol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Gait disorders are a common feature of neurological disease. The gait examination is an essential part of the neurological clinical assessment, providing valuable clues to a myriad of causes. Understanding how to examine gait is not only essential for neurological diagnosis but also for treatment and prognosis. Here, we review aspects of the clinical history and examination of neurological gait to help guide gait disorder assessment. We focus particularly on how to differentiate between common gait abnormalities and highlight the characteristic features of the more prevalent neurological gait patterns such as ataxia, waddling, steppage, spastic gait, Parkinson\u2019s disease and functional gait disorders. We also offer diagnostic clues for some unusual gait presentations, such as dystonic, stiff-person and choreiform gait, along with red flags that help differentiate atypical parkinsonism from Parkinson\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pn-2023-003917","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T13:20:28Z","timestamp":1703251228000},"page":"11-21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Neurological gait assessment"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Sofia","family":"Mermelstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, Pedro Ernesto University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divis\u00e3o de Neurologia, Grupo de Dist\u00farbios do Movimento, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, Sao Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0591-646X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Kaski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090412023315000_24.1.11.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-63916-5.00001-X"},{"key":"2025090412023315000_24.1.11.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20266"},{"key":"2025090412023315000_24.1.11.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2011000700022","article-title":"Rethinking the neurological examination II: dynamic balance assessment","volume":"69","author":"Maranh\u00e3o-Filho","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"2025090412023315000_24.1.11.4","unstructured":"DeJong RN . 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