{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T17:48:01Z","timestamp":1757612881760,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pract Neurol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Chagas\u2019 disease reactivation leading to monophasic acute or subacute meningoencephalitis or space-occupying lesions is a well-described AIDS-defining condition in Latin America. We report a 59-year-old man native from the Northeast region of Brazil, with a second episode of subacute chagasic meningomyelitis. He had long-term multidrug-resistant HIV and had abandoned combined antiretroviral therapy (CD4+ lymphocyte count, 16\u2009cells\/mm\u00b3, and HIV viral load 169\u2009403 copies\/mL). He initially received benznidazole but switched to nifurtimox after developing myelotoxicity. He was discharged home having made a partial neurological improvement. Chagas\u2019 disease should be included in the differential diagnosis of meningomyelitis in people living with HIV\/AIDS who are from endemic areas of this parasitic disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pn-2024-004088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]],"date-time":"2024-04-23T13:28:41Z","timestamp":1713878921000},"page":"417-421","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Recurrent Chagas\u2019 disease meningomyelitis in an HIV-infected patient"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3668-2739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor Melo","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, Unifesp EPM, Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aline Borges Moreira","family":"da Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas, Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Angelo Lauletta","family":"Lindoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory, Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas, Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vera L\u00facia Teixeira","family":"de Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Augusto CP","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas, Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose E","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas, Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090409381140000_24.5.417.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2016.10.006"},{"key":"2025090409381140000_24.5.417.2","unstructured":"Brasil\/Minist\u00e9rio DA Sa\u00fade\/Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade\/Programa Nacional de DST E AIDS. 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Bras\u00edlia, Minist\u00e9rio DA Sa\u00fade. 2004;1\u201353."},{"key":"2025090409381140000_24.5.417.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182023001117","article-title":"Outcomes of patients in Chagas disease of the central nervous system: a systematic review","volume":"151","author":"Shelton","year":"2024","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2025090409381140000_24.5.417.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0505-2016"},{"key":"2025090409381140000_24.5.417.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2007.12.007"},{"key":"2025090409381140000_24.5.417.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.185.2.01850550","article-title":"Chagas\u2019 disease involving the brain and spinal cord: MRI findings","volume":"185","author":"Lury","year":"2005","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2025090409381140000_24.5.417.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1212\/CON.0000000000000963","article-title":"Metabolic and toxic myelopathies","volume":"27","author":"Parks","year":"2021","journal-title":"Continuum (MinneapMinn)"},{"key":"2025090409381140000_24.5.417.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez ML , Marson ME , Mastrantonio GE , et al . Benznidazole in cerebrospinal fluid: a case series of Chagas\u2019 disease meningoencephalitis in HIV-positive patients. 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