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The over-reliance on serological tests and electrophysiological evaluation in isolation can lead to misdiagnosis. In this article, we provide an overview of the NMJ disorders, discuss red flags for the key differential diagnoses (mimics) and report the atypical ways in which NMJ disorders may present (chameleons).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pn-2024-004148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T13:32:04Z","timestamp":1724333524000},"page":"467-477","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Neuromuscular junction disorders: mimics and chameleons"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Shadi","family":"El-Wahsh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Neurology Department, Concord Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clare","family":"Fraser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Vucic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Neurology Department, Concord Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Reddel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Concord Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090410054994000_24.6.467.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-022516-034255"},{"key":"2025090410054994000_24.6.467.2","first-page":"ii32","article-title":"THE NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION DISORDERS","volume":"74 Suppl 2","author":"Hill","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025090410054994000_24.6.467.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-018-0812-z"},{"key":"2025090410054994000_24.6.467.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-10-1"},{"key":"2025090410054994000_24.6.467.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12359","article-title":"EFNS\/ENS Guidelines for the treatment of ocular myasthenia","volume":"21","author":"Kerty","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"2025090410054994000_24.6.467.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.22006"},{"key":"2025090410054994000_24.6.467.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26985"},{"key":"2025090410054994000_24.6.467.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12270","article-title":"Antibodies to clustered acetylcholine receptor: expanding the phenotype","volume":"21","author":"Devic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"2025090410054994000_24.6.467.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1602678"},{"key":"2025090410054994000_24.6.467.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10071537","article-title":"Drugs That Induce or Cause Deterioration of Myasthenia Gravis: An Update","volume":"10","author":"Sheikh","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2025090410054994000_24.6.467.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70245-9"},{"key":"2025090410054994000_24.6.467.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hilton-Jones D , Turner MR . 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