{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T12:58:54Z","timestamp":1763038734523,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pract Neurol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We describe a case of cerebral air embolism in a man with vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. The key learning point is that cerebral air embolism can cause a florid encephalopathy and MR imaging appearance, yet the causative diagnosis may be made only by carefully scrutinising the CT scan, rather than the MRI. This patient was incorrectly diagnosed with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome before subsequent closer inspection of the CT scan at presentation disclosed the true diagnosis. Other diagnostic clues were the close temporal proximity to events that might introduce air into the systemic circulation (eg, thoracic procedures) or syndromes that predispose people to cerebral air embolism. The likely cause in this case was a transient bronchovenous fistula associated with vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Prompt identification of cerebral air embolism allows supportive measures to be started to prevent potentially fatal sequelae.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pn-2025-004616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]],"date-time":"2025-06-10T13:21:08Z","timestamp":1749561668000},"page":"549-552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cerebral air embolism in vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: a retrospective diagnosis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7699-8853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron","family":"Jesuthasan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Addenbrooke\u2019s Hospital, Cambridge, England, UK"},{"name":"Department of Brain Sciences, Charing Cross Hospital, London, England, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aytakin","family":"Khalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain Sciences, Charing Cross Hospital, London, England, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samir","family":"Mahboobani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, England, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Dixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, England, UK"},{"name":"Neuroradiology, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Bentley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain Sciences, Charing Cross Hospital, London, England, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025111304551242000_25.6.549.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1452409","article-title":"Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and spontaneous CSF leaks: the connective tissue conundrum","volume":"15","author":"Severance","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"2025111304551242000_25.6.549.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm5110093","article-title":"Air Embolism: Practical Tips for Prevention and Treatment","volume":"5","author":"McCarthy","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2025111304551242000_25.6.549.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1417006","article-title":"Cerebral air embolism: neurologic manifestations, prognosis, and outcome","volume":"15","author":"\u010cerve\u0148\u00e1k","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"2025111304551242000_25.6.549.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-010-9438-y","article-title":"A PRESsing dissection","volume":"13","author":"Burrus","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nishimura M , Hiraoka E , Kanazawa K , et al . Postpartum vertebral artery dissection with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. BMJ Case Rep 2015;2015. doi:10.1136\/bcr-2014-207332","key":"2025111304551242000_25.6.549.5","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2014-207332"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025111304551242000_25.6.549.6","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.025340"},{"key":"2025111304551242000_25.6.549.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.383877","article-title":"Spontaneous Cerebral Air Embolism-An Unusual Scenario","volume":"71","author":"Bansal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"key":"2025111304551242000_25.6.549.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2024.08.078","article-title":"Cerebral air embolism associated with cavitary lung lesion in a patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome","volume":"19","author":"Mangerel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025111304551242000_25.6.549.9","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2021-003194"}],"container-title":["Practical Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/pn-2025-004616","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T12:55:39Z","timestamp":1763038539000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pn.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/pn-2025-004616"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/pn-2025-004616"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/pn-2025-004616","relation":{},"ISSN":["1474-7758","1474-7766"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1474-7758"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1474-7766"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]]}}}