{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T20:21:07Z","timestamp":1791058867456,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pract Neurol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Free-living amoebae like\n                    <jats:italic>Naegleria fowleri<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Acanthamoeba<\/jats:italic>\n                    or\n                    <jats:italic>Balamuthia mandrillaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    are rare causes of central nervous system infections.\n                    <jats:italic>Naegleria fowleri<\/jats:italic>\n                    causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, whereas the latter two cause granulomatous amoebic encephalitis, which usually occurs in immunocompromised people and is almost universal fatal despite treatment. Early diagnosis is challenging due to the non-specific neurological symptoms, and there are no specific treatment guidelines. We report a case of successfully treated relapsing\n                    <jats:italic>Acanthamoeba<\/jats:italic>\n                    encephalitis in an immunocompetent individual.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/pn-2025-004674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T17:20:26Z","timestamp":1753809626000},"page":"150-152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Relapsing granulomatous amoebic encephalitis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Sampurna","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, AIIMS, New Delhi, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yamini","family":"Priyanka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, AIIMS, New Delhi, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2303-1961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayush","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, AIIMS, New Delhi, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0532-3370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Divyani","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, AIIMS, New Delhi, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajay","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuro Radiology, AIIMS New Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hemlata","family":"Jangir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology, AIIMS, New Delhi, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Achal K","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, AIIMS, New Delhi, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026031600451071000_26.2.150.1","unstructured":"Pana A , Vijayan V , Anilkumar AC . Amebic meningoencephalitis. In: Statpearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2023."},{"key":"2026031600451071000_26.2.150.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/12.3.490"},{"key":"2026031600451071000_26.2.150.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac682","article-title":"The Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Non-Keratitis Acanthamoeba Infections in the United States, 1956-2020","volume":"10","author":"Haston","year":"2023","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026031600451071000_26.2.150.4","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . DPDx\u2014free living amebic infections. 2019. Available: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/dpdx\/freelivingamebic\/index.html [Accessed 29 Apr 2022]."},{"key":"2026031600451071000_26.2.150.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30933-6"},{"key":"2026031600451071000_26.2.150.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2024.105570","article-title":"Metagenomic next-generation sequencing for diagnosis of fatal Balamuthia amoebic encephalitis","volume":"119","author":"Qin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"2026031600451071000_26.2.150.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00649-06"},{"key":"2026031600451071000_26.2.150.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002340050440"},{"key":"2026031600451071000_26.2.150.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12661","article-title":"Disseminated Acanthamoeba infection in a heart transplant recipient treated successfully with a miltefosine-containing regimen: Case report and review of the literature","volume":"19","author":"Brondfield","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026031600451071000_26.2.150.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.21-0166","article-title":"Case Report: First Successful Treatment of Acanthamoeba Brain Abscess with Combination Surgical Excision and Miltefosine-Led Antimicrobial Therapy","volume":"106","author":"Chan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"}],"container-title":["Practical Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/pn-2025-004674","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T07:46:03Z","timestamp":1773647163000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pn.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/pn-2025-004674"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/pn-2025-004674"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/pn-2025-004674","relation":{},"ISSN":["1474-7758","1474-7766"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1474-7758","type":"print"},{"value":"1474-7766","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]}}}