{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:15:16Z","timestamp":1792653316422,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":145,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pract Neurol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>It is time to stop using the term concussion as it has no clear definition and no pathological meaning. This confusion is increasingly problematic as the management of \u2018concussed\u2019 individuals is a pressing concern. Historically, it has been used to describe patients briefly disabled following a head injury, with the assumption that this was due to a transient disorder of brain function without long-term sequelae. However, the symptoms of concussion are highly variable in duration, and can persist for many years with no reliable early predictors of outcome. Using vague terminology for post-traumatic problems leads to misconceptions and biases in the diagnostic process, producing uninterpretable science, poor clinical guidelines and confused policy. We propose that the term concussion should be avoided. Instead neurologists and other healthcare professionals should classify the severity of traumatic brain injury and then attempt to precisely diagnose the underlying cause of post-traumatic symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2015-001087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,14]],"date-time":"2015-05-14T03:53:41Z","timestamp":1431575621000},"page":"172-186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":171,"title":["Concussion is confusing us all"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"David J","family":"Sharp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational, Cognitive, and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Division of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2060-6766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter O","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational, Cognitive, and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Division of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-001-0084-6"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.7.1253"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acn.2003.09.005"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617700655066"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2011-300767"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2010.531687","article-title":"Mild traumatic brain injury and fatigue: a prospective longitudinal study","volume":"24","author":"Norrie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2007.131250"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540260310001606692"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/7.3.193"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5231.992"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22499"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.3.555"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws307"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-012-9164-5"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2010.222232"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307279"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.12.2283"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.18","first-page":"386","article-title":"Proceedings of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons in 1964: Report of the Ad Hoc Committee to Study Head Injury Nomenclature","volume":"12","author":"Congress of Neurological Surgeons","year":"1966","journal-title":"Clin Neurosurg"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(62)92635-1","article-title":"Concussion and its sequel\u00e6","volume":"279","author":"Symonds","year":"1962","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-092313"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31828d57dd"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-012-9156-5"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq347"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.24","unstructured":"Miller C . MTBI Rehabilitation: The Patient's Perspective. Secondary MTBI Rehabilitation: The Patient's Perspective, 1998. http:\/\/www.headinjury.com\/linktbinih.htm"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2006.0245"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.26","first-page":"223","article-title":"Interaction between Apolipoprotein epsilon 4 and traumatic brain injury in patients with Alzheimer's disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment","volume":"21","author":"Mauri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Funct Neurol"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.27","unstructured":"NICE. Head injury: triage, assessment, investigation and early management of head injury in children, young people and adults. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2014."},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2012-000268"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.29","unstructured":"League NF . Concussion Protocol. Secondary Concussion Protocol, 2014. http:\/\/www.nflevolution.com\/concussion-protocol"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(14)70161-9","article-title":"Tackling the sports-related concussion crisis","volume":"13","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.31","unstructured":"Board IR . IRB Concussion Management. Secondary IRB Concussion Management, 2015. http:\/\/irbplayerwelfare.com\/concussion"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.62.5.478"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.65.2.177"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.73.3.330"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2007.141762"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.36","first-page":"441","article-title":"MR imaging, single-photon emission CT, and neurocognitive performance after mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"22","author":"Hofman","year":"2001","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-004-1227-x","article-title":"Abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging seen acutely following mild traumatic brain injury: correlation with neuropsychological tests and delayed recovery","volume":"46","author":"Hughes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2012.03813.x"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001199-200307000-00003"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.40","first-page":"1049","article-title":"Diffuse axonal injury associated with chronic traumatic brain injury: evidence from T2*-weighted gradient-echo imaging at 3T","volume":"24","author":"Scheid","year":"2003","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e328359488f"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.42","first-page":"794","article-title":"Diffusion tensor MR imaging in diffuse axonal injury","volume":"23","author":"Arfanakis","year":"2002","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.70.4.530"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm294"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2008.0547"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A0970"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000305961.68029.54"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.48","first-page":"5","article-title":"SPECT brain perfusion findings in mild or moderate traumatic brain injury","volume":"3","author":"Abu-Judeh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nucl Med Rev Cent East Eur"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006231-199906000-00003"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.50","first-page":"MT112","article-title":"Imaging of mild traumatic brain injury using 57Co and 99mTc HMPAO SPECT as compared to other diagnostic procedures","volume":"9","author":"Audenaert","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.51","first-page":"738","article-title":"A prospective functional MR imaging study of mild traumatic brain injury in college football players","volume":"25","author":"Jantzen","year":"2004","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2003.12.032"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.4847"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22455"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-009-0215-x"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2007.132837"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.12.1429"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/0897715041269713"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.9"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.63.9.1277"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033606"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.367"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.21.2.212"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1080\/026990596124214","article-title":"Everyday memory following traumatic brain injury","volume":"10","author":"Kinsella","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.63.3.418"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.22.5.618"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.6.4.443","article-title":"The frontal lobes and traumatic brain injury","volume":"6","author":"Levin","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn347"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2009.00950.x","article-title":"Sport is not always healthy: executive brain dysfunction in professional boxers","volume":"47","author":"Di Russo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0b013e31814c3e3e"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.10.971"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617709991287"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2006.028019"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200101000-00005"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465020300020201","article-title":"No evidence of impaired neurocognitive performance in collegiate soccer players","volume":"30","author":"Guskiewicz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.19.2549"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13803390701443662"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1610"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200301000-00006"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acn.2007.04.005"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509343805"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acn.2008.05.008"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2006.23.1468"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-011-2622-8","article-title":"Methylphenidate modulates sustained attention and cortical activation in survivors of traumatic brain injury: a perfusion fMRI study","volume":"222","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.159632"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PHM.0000128789.75375.D3"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050701311117"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881110388331"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.89","first-page":"61","article-title":"The effect of methylphenidate on attention in acquired brain injury as recorded by useful field of view","volume":"5","author":"Al-Adawi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Appl Res"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.668"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1102609"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001199-200208000-00004"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.93","first-page":"CD008391","article-title":"Cognitive rehabilitation for executive dysfunction in adults with stroke or other adult non-progressive acquired brain damage","volume":"4","author":"Chung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2013.777807","article-title":"Goal Management Training for rehabilitation of executive functions: a systematic review of effectiveness in patients with acquired brain injury","volume":"36","author":"Krasny-Pacini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050400002363"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2005.03.024"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/026990597123647"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2014.04.003","article-title":"Is computer-assisted training effective in improving rehabilitative outcomes after brain injury? A case-control hospital-based study","volume":"7","author":"De Luca","year":"2014","journal-title":"Disabil Health J"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.37757\/MR2012V14.N4.8","article-title":"Clinical impact of RehaCom software for cognitive rehabilitation of patients with acquired brain injury","volume":"14","author":"Fernandez","year":"2012","journal-title":"MEDICC Rev"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.42.1.48"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/KQ48-XT0L-2H14-5UMV"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E13","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e3182a615a0","article-title":"Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy reduces symptoms of depression in people with a traumatic brain injury: results from a randomized controlled trial","volume":"29","author":"Bedard","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Head Trauma Rehabil"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soo C , Tate R . Psychological treatment for anxiety in people with traumatic brain injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007 (3):CD005239.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005239.pub2"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.12.2.226","article-title":"Sertraline in the treatment of major depression following mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"12","author":"Fann","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881107083845"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215502cr489oa"},{"issue":"(10 Suppl 2)","key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.107","first-page":"S406","article-title":"Headache management in concussion and mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"3","author":"Lucas","year":"2011","journal-title":"PMR"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001199-200401000-00006"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10194-012-0436-7"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.110","first-page":"239","article-title":"C2\/C3 nerve blocks and greater occipital nerve block in cervicogenic headache treatment","volume":"16","author":"Inan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Funct Neurol"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2013-000690"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NPT.0b013e3181dde568"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.09.006"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e3181c1d1e1"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181fd62a2"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-008-0102-x","article-title":"Does the type and severity of brain injury predict hypothalamo-pituitary dysfunction? Does post-traumatic hypopituitarism predict worse outcome?","volume":"11","author":"Klose","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968313508472"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.118","first-page":"500","article-title":"Aerobic and neuromuscular training: effect on the capacity, efficiency, and fatigability of patients with traumatic brain injuries","volume":"71","author":"Jankowski","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699059009026194"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1017\/BrImp.2013.14","article-title":"Mental Health is Central to Good Neurorehabilitation after TBI","volume":"14.01","author":"Fleminger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Impairment"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2013.3935"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2005.078246"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e3182036799","article-title":"Relationship between psychiatric disorders and 1-year psychosocial outcome following traumatic brain injury","volume":"26","author":"Gould","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Head Trauma Rehabil"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329171100033X"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.61.1.42"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2009.08111676"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.3.585"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2005.03.013"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2011.1914"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102413499645"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102413482197"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.1997.3703142.x"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102412445224"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2011.01909.x"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.135","first-page":"118","article-title":"Results of otovestibular tests in mild head injuries","volume":"7","author":"Kisilevski","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int Tinnitus J"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.136","first-page":"237","article-title":"Vertigo after head injury\u2014a five year follow-up","volume":"7","author":"Berman","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050500488041"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2010.211607"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181d0c3d9"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.140","first-page":"803","article-title":"Presentation and outcome of post-traumatic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo","volume":"132","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(94)90100-7"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/20.10.844","article-title":"Daytime sleepiness and sleep habits of Australian workers","volume":"20","author":"Johns","year":"1997","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2012.04.006"},{"key":"2025090409422291000_15.3.172.145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181e0438b"}],"container-title":["Practical Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/practneurol-2015-001087","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T16:42:42Z","timestamp":1757004162000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pn.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/practneurol-2015-001087"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,14]]},"references-count":145,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/practneurol-2015-001087"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/practneurol-2015-001087","relation":{},"ISSN":["1474-7758","1474-7766"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1474-7758","type":"print"},{"value":"1474-7766","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,14]]}}}