{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T14:46:40Z","timestamp":1761490000269,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pract Neurol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Although optic neuritis is commonly associated with multiple sclerosis, patients with atypical optic neuritis require further investigations to exclude other associated conditions. We report a woman presenting with cough, fatigue, atypical optic neuritis with chiasmitis. She responded partially to corticosteroids and we subsequently found she had a ground-glass lung nodule. Follow-up CT scan of thorax at 12 months showed new parenchymal lung lesions that suggested schistosomiasis. Further questioning by a respiratory physician identified, in retrospect, a previous exposure history; serological testing confirmed schistosoma infection. She was treated with praziquantel and slowly improved clinically, with radiological improvement in the optic chiasm, regression of the parenchymal lung lesions but with the ground glass nodule unchanged. We diagnosed parainfectious optic neuritis associated with schistosomiasis, based upon exposure history, serological confirmation and radiological features, together with the response to treatment, and having excluded other causes of an atypical optic neuritis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2015-001239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,13]],"date-time":"2016-05-13T09:52:14Z","timestamp":1463133134000},"page":"223-226","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["\u2018The worm that got away\u2019: parainfectious atypical optic neuritis associated with schistosomiasis infection"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Chinar","family":"Osman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosciences Department, Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sally","family":"Hannigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosciences Department, Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Ditchfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosciences Department, Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Harden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Radiology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashwin Arnold","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosciences Department, Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090410340346000_16.3.223.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp053247"},{"key":"2025090410340346000_16.3.223.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01148-X"},{"key":"2025090410340346000_16.3.223.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1991.01080120057025"},{"key":"2025090410340346000_16.3.223.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199202273260901"},{"key":"2025090410340346000_16.3.223.5","first-page":"CD001430","article-title":"Corticosteroids for treating optic neuritis","volume":"4","author":"Gal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2025090410340346000_16.3.223.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66457-4"},{"key":"2025090410340346000_16.3.223.7","unstructured":"Ultroska JA , Chen MG , Dixon H , et al . An estimate of global needs for praziquantel within schistosomiasis control programmes. WHO\/SCHISTO\/89.102. 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BCTRIMS Prospective follow-up of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis associated with schistosomiasis: the role of NMO-IgG. 15th Annual Conference of Rehabilitation in MS ; October 2010."},{"key":"2025090410340346000_16.3.223.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.1995.10.1.57","article-title":"Imported CNS schistosomiasis\u2014a case report","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"}],"container-title":["Practical Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/practneurol-2015-001239","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T17:34:14Z","timestamp":1757007254000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pn.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/practneurol-2015-001239"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,17]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/practneurol-2015-001239"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/practneurol-2015-001239","relation":{},"ISSN":["1474-7758","1474-7766"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1474-7758"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1474-7766"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,17]]}}}