{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T12:54:56Z","timestamp":1784120096497,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pract Neurol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Rapidly progressive encephalopathy in an HIV-positive patient presents a major diagnostic and management challenge. CD8+ encephalitis is a severe but treatable form of HIV-related acute encephalopathy, characterised by diffuse perivascular and intraparenchymal CD8+ lymphocytic infiltration. It can occur in patients who are apparently stable on antiretroviral treatment and probably results from viral escape into the central nervous system. Treatment, including high-dose corticosteroids, can give an excellent neurological outcome, even in people with severe encephalopathy and a very poor initial neurological status. We report a woman with CD8+ encephalitis, with a normal CD4 count and undetectable serum viral load, who made a good recovery despite the severity of her presentation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2016-001483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T22:04:56Z","timestamp":1478037896000},"page":"42-46","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["CD8+ encephalitis: a severe but treatable HIV-related acute encephalopathy"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Angeliki","family":"Zarkali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikos","family":"Gorgoraptis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department of Infection and Population Health, University College London, London, UK"},{"name":"Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London North West Hospitals, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashirwad","family":"Merve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Thust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rolf","family":"Jager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK"},{"name":"Neuroradiological Academic Unit, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitri","family":"Kullmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK"},{"name":"Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orlando","family":"Swayne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK"},{"name":"Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090410352773000_17.1.42.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890330208","article-title":"Intrathecal IgG synthesis and specificity of oligoclonal IgG in patients infected with HIV-1 do not correlate with CNS disease","volume":"33","author":"Goswami","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"2025090410352773000_17.1.42.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-009-0183-2","article-title":"Central nervous system vasculitis","volume":"31","author":"Scolding","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol"},{"key":"2025090410352773000_17.1.42.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3184"},{"key":"2025090410352773000_17.1.42.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/378300"},{"key":"2025090410352773000_17.1.42.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.08.1176"},{"key":"2025090410352773000_17.1.42.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200108093450606"},{"key":"2025090410352773000_17.1.42.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit175"},{"key":"2025090410352773000_17.1.42.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12038"},{"key":"2025090410352773000_17.1.42.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-004-0852-0"},{"key":"2025090410352773000_17.1.42.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000343854.80344.69"}],"container-title":["Practical Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/practneurol-2016-001483","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T17:35:38Z","timestamp":1757007338000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pn.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/practneurol-2016-001483"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/practneurol-2016-001483"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/practneurol-2016-001483","relation":{},"ISSN":["1474-7758","1474-7766"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1474-7758","type":"print"},{"value":"1474-7766","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]]}}}