{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T17:53:27Z","timestamp":1757613207664,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":3,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pract Neurol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A 60-year-old Nigerian man, who had lived in Europe for 30 years but had returned home frequently, presented with right frontalis muscle weakness and right ulnar nerve palsy, without skin lesions. Neurophysiology showed a generalised neuropathy with demyelinating features. Blood tests were positive for HIV, with a normal CD4 count. There was nerve thickening both clinically and on MRI. Nerve biopsy showed chronic endoneuritis and perineuritis (indicating leprosy) without visible mycobacteria. His neuropathy continued to deteriorate (lepra reaction) before starting treatment with WHO multidrug therapy, highly active antiretroviral therapy and corticosteroids. There are 10 new cases of leprosy diagnosed annually in the UK. Coinfection with HIV is rare but paradoxically does not usually adversely affect the outcome of leprosy or change treatment. However, permanent nerve damage in leprosy is common despite optimal therapy. Leprosy should be considered in patients from endemic areas who present with mononeuritis multiplex.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2016-001519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,10]],"date-time":"2016-12-10T03:04:21Z","timestamp":1481339061000},"page":"135-139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Leprosy in a patient infected with HIV"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Clare M","family":"Galtrey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"St George\u2019s University Hospitals, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Modarres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St George\u2019s University Hospitals, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zane","family":"Jaunmuktane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neuropathology, Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Brandner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neuropathology, Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander M","family":"Rossor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana NJ","family":"Lockwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary M","family":"Reilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hadi","family":"Manji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fred","family":"Schon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St George\u2019s University Hospitals, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090410504574000_17.2.135.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/94.4.207"},{"key":"2025090410504574000_17.2.135.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20113"},{"key":"2025090410504574000_17.2.135.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.47276\/lr.81.3.169","article-title":"Leprosy and HIV, where are we at?","volume":"81","author":"Lockwood","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lepr Rev"}],"container-title":["Practical Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/practneurol-2016-001519","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T17:50:51Z","timestamp":1757008251000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pn.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/practneurol-2016-001519"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,9]]},"references-count":3,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/practneurol-2016-001519"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/practneurol-2016-001519","relation":{},"ISSN":["1474-7758","1474-7766"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1474-7758"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1474-7766"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,9]]}}}