{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T09:39:55Z","timestamp":1783762795605,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The term \u201cWrong-Site Surgery (WSS)\u201d is commonly associated with surgical procedures; however, The Joint Commission (TJC) considers any invasive procedure, not just a surgical procedure, performed on the wrong side, at the wrong site, or on the wrong patient to be a WSS. For anesthesia providers, this means that a wrong-site nerve block (WSNB) also constitutes a WSS and would be considered a sentinel event by TJC. In an attempt to combat WSNB, the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine published guidelines in 2014 recommending the use of a preprocedural checklist before performing regional blocks. The effectiveness of such a checklist, however, to reduce the occurrence of WSNB has not yet been demonstrated. We hypothesized that the introduction of a preprocedural checklist specific for regional anesthesia would be associated with a lower rate of WSNB procedures.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A retrospective review was performed to compare the incidence of WSNB 2\u2009years before, to 6\u2009years after the implementation of a preprocedural checklist specific to regional anesthesia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Prior to checklist implementation, 4 WSNB events occurred during 10\u2009123 procedures (3.95 per 10 000 (95% CI 1.26 to 9.53). Following implementation, WSNB events occurred during 35\u2009890 procedures (0 per 10 000 (95% CI 0 to 0.84)); p=0.0023.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Implementation of a regional anesthesia specific preprocedural checklist was associated with a significantly lower incidence of WSNB procedures. While prospective controlled studies would be required to demonstrate causation, this study suggests that for regional anesthesia procedures, a preprocedural checklist may positively impact patient safety.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2018-000033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,13]],"date-time":"2019-01-13T08:49:24Z","timestamp":1547369364000},"page":"201-205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Preprocedural checklist for regional anesthesia: impact on the incidence of wrong site nerve blockade (an 8-year perspective)"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Daryl S","family":"Henshaw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Section on Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James D","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Section on Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean W","family":"Dobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Section on Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Douglas Jaffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Section on Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Wells Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Section on Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Section on Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert S","family":"Weller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Section on Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101111275327000_44.2.201.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.095497"},{"key":"2025101111275327000_44.2.201.2","unstructured":"Mulloy DF , Hughes RG . Wrong-site surgery: A preventable error. In: Hughes RG , ed. Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2008: 1\u201311."},{"key":"2025101111275327000_44.2.201.3","unstructured":"The Joint Commission . Sentinel Events. Comprehensive Accreditation Manual for Hospitals, Update 1. 2017. Available: https:\/\/www.jointcommission.org\/assets\/1\/6\/CAMH_SE_0717.pdf [Accessed 20 Apr 2018]."},{"key":"2025101111275327000_44.2.201.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2012-001797"},{"key":"2025101111275327000_44.2.201.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.141.4.353"},{"key":"2025101111275327000_44.2.201.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000258","article-title":"Wrong-site regional anesthesia: review and recommendations for prevention?","volume":"28","author":"Barrington","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"2025101111275327000_44.2.201.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000075"},{"key":"2025101111275327000_44.2.201.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa0810119"},{"key":"2025101111275327000_44.2.201.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000162"},{"key":"2025101111275327000_44.2.201.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu490"},{"key":"2025101111275327000_44.2.201.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1308261"},{"key":"2025101111275327000_44.2.201.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2012.05.034"},{"key":"2025101111275327000_44.2.201.13","unstructured":"Adverse Health Events in Minnesota, 14th Annual Public Report. 2018. Available: http:\/\/www.health.state.mn.us\/patientsafety\/ae\/2018ahereport.pdf [Accessed 16 May 2018]."},{"key":"2025101111275327000_44.2.201.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61440-9"}],"container-title":["Regional Anesthesia &amp; Pain Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/rapm-2018-000033","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T18:28:00Z","timestamp":1760207280000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rapm.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/rapm-2018-000033"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,13]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/rapm-2018-000033"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rapm-2018-000033","relation":{},"ISSN":["1098-7339","1532-8651"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1098-7339","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-8651","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,13]]}}}