{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T09:37:00Z","timestamp":1762508220487,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reg Anesth Pain Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) block is a simple and valuable technique that was discovered over a century ago, but, unfortunately, very few anesthesiology providers are familiar with this block. After some of our recent publications, physicians from different countries have reached out to us requesting more specifics on how we perform our version of the block. In this report, we provide a brief history of the block and demonstrate our three effective, simple, readily available, and inexpensive methodologies with images. We are proud to share that our three SPG block techniques have so far effectively relieved patients of chronic migraines, acute migraines, tension headaches, moderate-to-severe back pain, and post-dural puncture headaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2020-101765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]],"date-time":"2020-08-11T09:13:46Z","timestamp":1597137226000},"page":"880-882","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Images in anesthesiology: three safe, simple, and inexpensive methods to administer the sphenopalatine ganglion block"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5617-1907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle","family":"Levin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology, St Elizabeth\"s Medical Center, Brighton, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaul","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101110243009000_45.11.880.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sluder G . The anatomical and clinical relations of the sphenopalatine (Meckel\"s) ganglion to the nose and its accessory sinuses. AR Elliott Publishing Company, 1909.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-190910000-00021"},{"key":"2025101110243009000_45.11.880.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000840"},{"key":"2025101110243009000_45.11.880.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levin D , Cohen S , Kiss G , et al . Reply to DR Araujo, et al. 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