{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T08:30:37Z","timestamp":1777365037606,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reg Anesth Pain Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Socioeconomic status affects the treatment of patients with low back pain and\/or neck pain. We examined the relationship between socioeconomic status (occupation and household income level) and treatments such as chronic opioid use and interventional procedures among these patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Data from the National Health Insurance Service database in South Korea were used in this population-based cross-sectional study. Approximately 2.5% of adult patients diagnosed with low back pain and\/or neck pain between 2010 and 2019 were selected using a stratified random sampling technique and included in the analysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We analyzed the data of 5,861,007 patients with low back pain and\/or neck pain in total. Among them, 4.9% were chronic opioid users and 17.7% underwent interventional procedures. Healthcare workers and unemployed individuals had 18% lower and 6% higher likelihood of chronic opioid use compared with office workers, respectively. Those with a very low household income had 18% higher likelihood of chronic opioid use than those with a poor household income. Other workers and unemployed individuals had 4% and 8% higher likelihood of undergoing interventional procedures than office workers, respectively. Healthcare workers had 5% lower likelihood of undergoing interventional procedures than office workers. Patients with middle, high, and very poor household incomes had a higher likelihood of undergoing interventional procedures, while those in the very high household income group had a lower likelihood of undergoing interventional procedures than those with poor household incomes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Socioeconomic status factors are associated with treatment in patients with low back pain and\/or neck pain.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2022-104246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]],"date-time":"2023-04-12T13:15:06Z","timestamp":1681305306000},"page":"561-566","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association between socioeconomic status and treatment in patients with low back or neck pain: a population-based cross-sectional study in South Korea"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Tak Kyu","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea (the Republic of)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7814-4253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In-Ae","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea (the Republic of)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101109445696000_48.11.561.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-004-0864-4"},{"key":"2025101109445696000_48.11.561.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/PR9.0000000000000919","article-title":"Prognostic factors for pain chronicity in low back pain: a systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Nieminen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain Rep"},{"key":"2025101109445696000_48.11.561.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22684"},{"key":"2025101109445696000_48.11.561.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2458","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000143025.84471.79","article-title":"Clinical course in patients seeking primary care for back or neck pain: a prospective 5-year follow-up of outcome and health care consumption with subgroup analysis","volume":"29","author":"Enthoven","year":"2004","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"2025101109445696000_48.11.561.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.19.2579"},{"key":"2025101109445696000_48.11.561.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-014-0115-1","article-title":"Is socioeconomic status associated with utilization of health care services in a single-payer universal health care system?","volume":"13","author":"Filc","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"key":"2025101109445696000_48.11.561.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-020-01255-z","article-title":"Does socioeconomic status affect Hospital utilization and health outcomes of chronic disease patients?","volume":"22","author":"Yong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Health Econ"},{"key":"2025101109445696000_48.11.561.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e3181adcbe9"},{"key":"2025101109445696000_48.11.561.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000019454","article-title":"The association between the socioeconomic status and body pain: a nationwide survey","volume":"99","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2025101109445696000_48.11.561.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-019-0918-1","article-title":"Socioeconomic inequalities in low back pain among older people: the jages cross-sectional study","volume":"18","author":"Ikeda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"key":"2025101109445696000_48.11.561.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656560903304063"},{"key":"2025101109445696000_48.11.561.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1089\/pop.2013.0071","article-title":"Economic burden of back and neck pain: effect of a neuropathic component","volume":"17","author":"Kleinman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Popul Health Manag"},{"key":"2025101109445696000_48.11.561.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-018-3110-1","article-title":"Transition to international classification of disease version 10, clinical modification: the impact on internal medicine and internal medicine subspecialties","volume":"18","author":"Caskey","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"2025101109445696000_48.11.561.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parsons VL . 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