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The incidence and severity of CPSP are linked to nerve damage, neuroplastic changes and immunological responses. Although numerous mechanisms contributing to CPSP have been identified, translational research is sparse, and findings are often inconsistent. Evidence suggests that regional anesthetic techniques could have a role in reducing CPSP risk across various clinical scenarios. Techniques studied include wound infiltration, peripheral nerve blocks, fascial plane blocks, thoracic paravertebral blocks and epidural anesthesia. Current data indicate that epidural anesthesia might decrease CPSP risk following thoracotomy, wound infiltration may be effective after major breast surgery and cesarean delivery, and serratus anterior plane block or pectoralis\/interpectoral plane blocks might be beneficial in breast surgery. However, the existing evidence is limited and marked by several constraints especially the multifactorial causes, underscoring the need for further research in this area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2024-105611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]],"date-time":"2025-02-05T08:20:20Z","timestamp":1738743620000},"page":"153-159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Evidence for regional anesthesia in preventing chronic postsurgical pain"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0836-1404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hesham","family":"Elsharkawy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology Pain, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA"},{"name":"Professor of Anesthesiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA"},{"name":"Outcomes Research Consortium, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J David","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9912-717X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kariem","family":"El-Boghdadly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101111422009000_50.2.153.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001413"},{"key":"2025101111422009000_50.2.153.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000005030","article-title":"Incidence and Risk Factors of Chronic Postoperative Pain in Same-day Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study","volume":"141","author":"Boko","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"2025101111422009000_50.2.153.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.16188","article-title":"The impact of pre-operative depression on pain outcomes after major surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"79","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"2025101111422009000_50.2.153.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2018.03.018","article-title":"The Rodent Tibia Fracture Model: A Critical Review and Comparison With the Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Literature","volume":"19","author":"Birklein","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"2025101111422009000_50.2.153.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Colleoni M , Sacerdote P . 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