{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:28:23Z","timestamp":1792787303687,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752105600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01tm6cn81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reg Anesth Pain Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a treatment option for chronic neuropathic pain conditions when conventional therapies have failed. However, objective and measurable long-term data on the effects of SCS are lacking. This study evaluates changes in objectively recorded mobility and the correlation with patient-reported outcomes in SCS-treated patients with intractable back and\/or leg pain following lumbar spine surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty patients were enrolled. Baseline mobility was recorded over 4\u2009weeks using an external neurostimulator with a built-in accelerometer. Patients achieving \u226550%\u2009pain relief during a subsequent SCS test trial received a permanently implanted stimulator at the same site. Mobility data were extracted at 3, 6, and 12 months and compared with baseline alongside work status, medication usage, and patient-reported outcome measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-seven patients received a permanent stimulator, and 32 completed the 12\u2009month follow-up of activity data. Time spent in mobility episodes lasting at least 30\u2009s was 34\u00b127\u2009min\/24 hours for SCS-patients at baseline compared with 92\u00b151\u2009min for healthy controls (p=0.009). Mobility increased gradually after SCS, reaching statistical significance at 12 months (p=0.045). The increase was significant in patients with predominant leg pain (35\u00b127\u2009to 54\u00b132\u2009min, p=0.011) but not in those with predominant back pain. Significant improvements were observed in working ability, medication reduction, and self-reported outcomes. Increased mobility correlated significantly with reduction in self-reported disability (p=0.044) and leg pain (p=0.046).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The new objective data indicate that SCS has beneficial, long-term effects on mobility in patients with intractable leg pain after spine surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clintrialgov\" xlink:href=\"NCT04710355\">NCT04710355<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2025-106726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T21:41:01Z","timestamp":1752183661000},"page":"1124-1132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Objective, long-term mobility data in patients with chronic pain after lumbar spine surgery treated with spinal cord stimulation\u2014a prospective, multicenter trial"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"51","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct04710355","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3628-7686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tobias","family":"Hall\u00e9n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaare","family":"Meier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7681-1796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan Willem","family":"Kallewaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pain Management, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Pain Department, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart","family":"Billet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, AZ Delta, Roeselare, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Elzinga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Bravis Hospital, Roosendaal, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Schapendonk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Diaconessenhuis Hospital, Zeist, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Van den Bosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, MCL Leeuwarden, Netherlands, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xander","family":"Zuidema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Diaconessenhuis Hospital, Zeist, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin Lilja","family":"Eygl\u00f3ard\u00f3ttir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helga","family":"Gulisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kliment","family":"Gatzinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 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