{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T23:43:35Z","timestamp":1778111015613,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","funder":[{"name":"Canadian Association of Psoriasis Patients \/ Canadian Institutes of Health Research"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["RMD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Imaging studies in patients with cutaneous psoriasis have demonstrated asymptomatic bone and tendon changes, commonly of the foot and ankle. We sought to determine if patients with cutaneous psoriasis have an increased risk of clinically significant foot and ankle tendinopathy or enthesopathy compared with the general population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients with cutaneous psoriasis and a general population cohort were identified in The Health Improvement Network, a general practice medical records database from the UK. All patients with psoriatic arthritis were excluded. Cox proportional-hazards models (\u03b1=0.05) estimated the HR for development of foot and ankle tendinopathy or enthesopathy among patients with psoriasis, with adjustment for numerous covariates.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In total, 78\u2009630 patients with cutaneous psoriasis and 5 983 338 persons from the general population were identified. In an unadjusted model, patients with cutaneous psoriasis had a 25% increased risk of developing foot and ankle tendinopathy or enthesopathy compared with the general population (HR 1.25, 95%\u2009CI 1.20 to 1.30, p&lt;0.0001). The HR remained unchanged and statistically significant after adjusting for covariates, and in sensitivity analyses.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These data suggest that patients with psoriasis can have foot and ankle tendinopathy or enthesopathy without having psoriatic arthritis, presenting a diagnostic challenge to physicians. Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms contributing to this increased risk.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2018-000668","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,21]],"date-time":"2018-05-21T09:55:26Z","timestamp":1526896526000},"page":"e000668","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Psoriasis and the risk of foot and ankle tendinopathy or enthesopathy in the absence of psoriatic arthritis: a population-based study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Ryan T","family":"Lewinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Leaders in Medicine Program, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Program, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabelle A","family":"Vallerand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leaders in Medicine Program, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurie M","family":"Parsons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeremy M","family":"LaMothe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra D","family":"Frolkis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark W","family":"Lowerison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gilaad G","family":"Kaplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott B","family":"Patten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheryl","family":"Barnabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090313253966000_4.1.e000668.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0804595"},{"key":"2025090313253966000_4.1.e000668.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61909-7"},{"key":"2025090313253966000_4.1.e000668.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.14.1735"},{"key":"2025090313253966000_4.1.e000668.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f5961"},{"key":"2025090313253966000_4.1.e000668.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.4847","article-title":"The risk of cancer in patients with psoriasis: a population-based cohort study in the health improvement network","volume":"152","author":"Chiesa Fuxench","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"2025090313253966000_4.1.e000668.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2010.186"},{"key":"2025090313253966000_4.1.e000668.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes324"},{"key":"2025090313253966000_4.1.e000668.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1505557"},{"key":"2025090313253966000_4.1.e000668.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Polachek A , Li S , Chandran V , et al . 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