{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T23:13:08Z","timestamp":1793056388799,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["RMD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To assess whether the polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)-like syndrome reported as an immune related adverse event (irAE) from checkpoint inhibitor therapy is consistent with the 2012 European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)\/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) provisional criteria for PMR.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The cases were derived from two sources. Group 1 represents reported cases from three contributing centres. Group 2 was derived from a systematic review of the literature searching for all cases reported as PMR or PMR-like illness associated with checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Cases were assessed for the quality of reporting and then analysed to determine whether they fulfilled the 2012 EULAR\/ACR provisional criteria for PMR.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 49 patients were included for analysis. Among the entire group, 37 (75%) were designated \u2018complete\u2019 indicating that they had sufficient data to reliably apply the 2012 EULAR\/ACR criteria. 28 (75%) cases fulfilled complete criteria for PMR. A number of cases also demonstrated some clinical features unusual for idiopathic PMR.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study suggests a high proportion of reported cases of checkpoint inhibitor-related PMR fulfil preliminary criteria for PMR, yet in one quarter clinical details were incomplete making verification problematic. Furthermore, in the absence of a gold standard for the diagnosis of PMR, the relationship of checkpoint inhibitor-related PMR to the idiopathic form remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2019-000906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]],"date-time":"2019-04-26T06:05:12Z","timestamp":1556258712000},"page":"e000906","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Polymyalgia rheumatica-like syndrome from checkpoint inhibitor therapy: case series and systematic review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8773-7739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cassandra","family":"Calabrese","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatic & Immunologic Disease, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura C","family":"Cappelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Kostine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Kirchner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatic & Immunologic Disease, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tawnie","family":"Braaten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonard","family":"Calabrese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatic & Immunologic Disease, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090313032960000_5.1.e000906.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4321"},{"key":"2025090313032960000_5.1.e000906.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23177","article-title":"Rheumatic and musculoskeletal immune-related adverse events due to immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"69","author":"Cappelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"2025090313032960000_5.1.e000906.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40043","article-title":"Review: immune-related adverse events with use of checkpoint inhibitors for immunotherapy of cancer","volume":"69","author":"Suarez-Almazor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025090313032960000_5.1.e000906.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2016-000412","article-title":"Rheumatic immune-related adverse events of checkpoint therapy for cancer: case series of a new nosological entity","volume":"3","author":"Calabrese","year":"2017","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"2025090313032960000_5.1.e000906.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200329","article-title":"Provisional classification criteria for polymyalgia rheumatic: a European League against Rheumatism\/American College of Rheumatology Collaborative initiative","volume":"2012","author":"Dasgupta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2025090313032960000_5.1.e000906.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30608-9"},{"key":"2025090313032960000_5.1.e000906.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209595"},{"key":"2025090313032960000_5.1.e000906.8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Arthritis after cancer immunotherapy: symptom duration and treatment response","volume":"0","author":"Smith","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arth Care & Res"},{"key":"2025090313032960000_5.1.e000906.9","unstructured":"Kim ST , Tayer J , Trinh VA , et al . Successful treatment of arthritis induced by checkpoint inhibitors with tocilizumab: a case series. Ann Rheum Dis 2017;0."},{"key":"2025090313032960000_5.1.e000906.10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Tocilizumab for the management of immune mediated adverse events secondary to PD-1 blockade","volume":"0","author":"Stroud","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Oncol Pharm Pract"}],"container-title":["RMD Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2019-000906","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T20:03:39Z","timestamp":1756929819000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rmdopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2019-000906"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/rmdopen-2019-000906"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2019-000906","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-5933"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2056-5933","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}}}