{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:17:09Z","timestamp":1787789829810,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["RMD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To identify whether musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) abnormalities are associated with specific phases of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) development in individuals at risk of RA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This is a prospective cohort study of individuals at risk of developing RA, namely first-degree relatives of patients with RA (RA-FDRs) without evidence of established rheumatic disease at inclusion. The inflammatory activity on MSUS was assessed according to a validated score (SONAR). Active MSUS was defined as a total B-mode score greater than 8, including at least one joint with significant synovitis (grade 2 or 3) or significant synovial hyperaemia (Doppler score greater than 1). We used logistic regression to analyse associations between MSUS findings and recognised preclinical phases of RA development, adjusting for other demographic and biological characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 273 RA-FDRs were analysed, of whom 23 (8%) were anticitrullinated protein autoantibodies-positive, 58 (21%) had unclassified arthritis and 96 (35%) had an active MSUS, which was only associated with unclassified arthritis (OR: 1.8, 95%\u2009CI 1.0 to 3.3).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In individuals at risk of RA, active MSUS was associated with the presence of unclassified arthritis, but not with any of the earlier described phases of RA development. These findings do not support an indiscriminate use of ultrasound in a screening strategy for preclinical RA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2019-000922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,24]],"date-time":"2019-08-24T07:25:14Z","timestamp":1566631514000},"page":"e000922","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Ultrasound is not associated with the presence of systemic autoimmunity or symptoms in individuals at risk for rheumatoid arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6347-720X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laure","family":"Brulhart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology, Hopital neuchatelois La Chaux-de-Fonds, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deshir\u00e9","family":"Alp\u00edzar-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S","family":"Nissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Zufferey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RHU DAL, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ileana","family":"Ciubotariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Division, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-Coeur de Montr\u00e9al (HSCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Fleury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilias","family":"Lazarou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cem","family":"Gabay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Finckh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090312052421000_5.2.e000922.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22353"},{"key":"2025090312052421000_5.2.e000922.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2013.09.002","article-title":"Can rheumatoid arthritis be prevented?","volume":"27","author":"Deane","year":"2013","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025090312052421000_5.2.e000922.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39603","article-title":"Review: preclinical rheumatoid arthritis: progress toward prevention: preclinical rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"68","author":"Mankia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025090312052421000_5.2.e000922.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202127"},{"key":"2025090312052421000_5.2.e000922.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu287"},{"key":"2025090312052421000_5.2.e000922.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200990"},{"key":"2025090312052421000_5.2.e000922.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-017-3547-3","article-title":"The prevalence of anticitrullinated protein antibodies increases with age in healthy individuals at risk for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"36","author":"Alpizar-Rodriguez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025090312052421000_5.2.e000922.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-208138"},{"key":"2025090312052421000_5.2.e000922.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zufferey P , Tamborrini G , Gabay C , et al . 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The value of ultrasonography in predicting arthritis in auto-antibody positive arthralgia patients: a prospective cohort study. 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Absence of ultrasound inflammation in patients presenting with arthralgia rules out the development of arthritis. 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