{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T18:46:31Z","timestamp":1789757191844,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]],"date-time":"2020-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582761600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["RMD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a condition characterised by calcification and ossification of ligaments and entheses. The condition usually affects the axial skeleton, in particular, at the thoracic segment, though also other portions of the spine are often involved. DISH often involves also peripheral tendinous and\/or entheseal sites either alone, or in association with the involvement of peripheral joints. At times, new bone formation involves the bone itself, but sometimes it involves joints not usually affected by osteoarthritis (OA) which result in bony enlargement of the epiphysis, joints space narrowing and a reduced range of motion. Because of the entheseal involvement, DISH can be mistaken for seronegative spondyloarthropathies or for a \"simple\" OA. Furthermore, other implications for the recognition of DISH include spinal fractures, difficult intubation and upper endoscopies, decreased response rates in DISH with concomitant spondyloarthritides, and increased likelihood to be affected by metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. This Atlas is intended to show the imaging finding in DISH in patients diagnosed with the condition by the Resnick classification criteria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2019-001151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]],"date-time":"2020-02-28T04:19:21Z","timestamp":1582863561000},"page":"e001151","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Imaging of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH)"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7904-8506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reuven","family":"Mader","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology, Ha'Emek MC, Afula, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9475-9362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xenofon","family":"Baraliakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatologie Ruhr-Universit\u00e4t Bochum, Rheumazentrum Ruhrgebiet, Herne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iris","family":"Eshed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Musculoskeletal imaging Center, Tel Aviv University Israel, Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Novofastovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology, Ha'Emek MC, Afula, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Bieber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology, Ha'Emek MC, Afula, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorrit-Jan","family":"Verlaan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1602-7649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Kiefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatologie, Rheumazentrum Ruhrgebiet, Herne, NRW, Germany"},{"name":"Rheumatologie, Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Pappone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Rehabilitation, Fondazione S. Maugeri, Telese Terme, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiola","family":"Atzeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090312180421000_6.1.e001151.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/119.3.559"},{"key":"2025090312180421000_6.1.e001151.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep308"},{"key":"2025090312180421000_6.1.e001151.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-009-0046-9"},{"key":"2025090312180421000_6.1.e001151.4","unstructured":"Resnick DNG . Diagnosis of bone and joint disorders. 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