{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:32:32Z","timestamp":1790836352125,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","funder":[{"name":"Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise de Rhumatologie"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002915","name":"Fondation\n                                    pour la Recherche M\u00e9dicale","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DEQ20150934719: Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome\n                                    and Autoimmunity-associated Lymphomas (SAIL)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DEQ20150934719: Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome\n                                    and Autoimmunity-associated Lymphomas (SAIL)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002915","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["RMD Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>To study the characteristics of B-cell non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma (NHL)\n                            or Hodgkin lymphoma complicating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to\n                            identify RA-related factors associated with their occurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>A multicentre case\u2013control study was performed in France. Cases were\n                            patients with RA fulfilling ACR-EULAR 2010 criteria in whom B-cell NHL\n                            or Hodgkin lymphoma developed after the diagnosis of RA. For each case,\n                            2 controls were assigned at random from the ESPOIR cohort and were\n                            matched on age at lymphoma diagnosis (cases)\/age at the 10-year\n                            follow-up visit in the cohort (controls). Case and control\n                            characteristics were compared to identify parameters associated with the\n                            occurrence of lymphoma.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>54 cases were included and matched to 108 controls. Lymphomas were\n                            mostly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL, n=27, 50.0%). On\n                            immunochemistry, 4 of 27 (14.8%) lymphoma cases were positive for\n                            Epstein-Barr virus. On univariate analysis, factors associated with the\n                            occurrence of lymphoma were male sex (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.7 to 6.7),\n                            positivity for ACPA (OR 5.1, 95% CI 2.0 to 15.7) and rheumatoid factor\n                            (OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.6 to 12.2), and erosions on radiographs (OR 3.8, 95%\n                            CI 1.7 to 8.3) and DAS28 (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.5 to 2.7), both at the time\n                            of matching. Methotrexate, TNF blockers and a number of previous\n                            biologics were not associated with the occurrence of lymphoma. On\n                            multivariable analysis, erosions and DAS28 remained significantly\n                            associated with increased risk of lymphoma.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Lymphomas complicating RA are mostly DLBCL. Risk of lymphoma in\n                            patients with RA was increased with markers of disease activity and\n                            severity, which supports the paradigm of a continuum between\n                            autoimmunity and lymphomagenesis in RA.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2021-001698","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]],"date-time":"2022-02-14T10:53:45Z","timestamp":1644836025000},"page":"e001698","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Lymphoma complicating rheumatoid arthritis: results from a French\n                        case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3535-3183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Kedra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5523-1856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raphaele","family":"Seror","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4814-0307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe","family":"Dieud\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Constantin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6228-1464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Toussirot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elias","family":"Kfoury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Masson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9159-702X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Divi","family":"Cornec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7415-6962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean Jacques","family":"Dubost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Marguerie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastien","family":"Ottaviani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franck","family":"Grados","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakiba","family":"Belkhir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Fain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Goupille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christelle","family":"Sordet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8845-4274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Fautrel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peggy","family":"Philippe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muriel","family":"Piperno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Combe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Lambotte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3029-8739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christophe","family":"Richez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00e9mie","family":"Sellam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3162-2537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Sen\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Denis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Lequerre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Lazure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Mariette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaetane","family":"Nocturne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djj004"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22277"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-06-0300"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7152.180","article-title":"Disease activity and risk of lymphoma in patients with\n                            rheumatoid arthritis: nested case\u2013control study","volume":"317","author":"Baecklund","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21675"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-017-3634-5","article-title":"Characteristics and risk factors of lymphoproliferative\n                            disorders among patients with rheumatoid arthritis concurrently treated\n                            with methotrexate: a nested case\u2013control study of the IORRA\n                            cohort","volume":"36","author":"Shimizu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38339","article-title":"Ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, and risk of\n                            malignant lymphoma: a cohort study based on nationwide prospectively\n                            recorded data from Sweden","volume":"66","author":"Hellgren","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199305063281806"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199610000-00015"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex002","article-title":"Distinct patterns of lymphocyte count transition in\n                            lymphoproliferative disorder in patients with rheumatoid arthritis\n                            treated with methotrexate","volume":"56","author":"Saito","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.12116"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.11.3909"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.117762"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211623"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.15","unstructured":"Seror R , Lafourcade A , De Rycke Y . Risk of\n                            malignancies across biologic classes in rheumatoid arthritis: analysis\n                            of a national claim database [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol 2019;71\n                            https:\/\/acrabstracts.org\/abstract\/risk-of-malignancies-associated-with-biologics-in-rheumatoid-arthritis-analysis-of-a-national-claim-database\/"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa330","article-title":"Lymphoma risks in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated\n                            with biological drugs\u2014a Swedish cohort study of risks by time, drug and\n                            lymphoma subtype","volume":"60","author":"Hellgren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2007.06.001"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.18","first-page":"208","article-title":"Rituximab in central nervous system manifestations of\n                            patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome: results from the AIR\n                            registry","volume":"30","author":"Mekinian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq368"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex238","article-title":"Risk factors of serious infections in patients with\n                            rheumatoid arthritis treated with tocilizumab in the French Registry\n                            REGATE","volume":"56","author":"Morel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jncimonographs\/lgu010"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s40744-017-0064-4","article-title":"Malignancy incidence, management, and prevention in patients\n                            with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"4","author":"Wilton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatol Ther"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2013.12.001"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2015.94"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-018-0105-4","article-title":"History of autoimmune conditions and lymphoma\n                            prognosis","volume":"8","author":"Kleinstern","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.014233"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000356","article-title":"Anticitrullinated protein antibodies: origin and role in the\n                            pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"29","author":"England","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2019-000946"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200004)43:4<908::AID-ANR24>3.0.CO;2-K"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.30","unstructured":"Defossez G , Le Guyader\u2013Peyrou S , Uhry Z . National\n                            estimates of cancer incidence and mortality in metropolitan France\n                            between 1990 and 2018 overview. saint\u2013maurice:sant\u00e9 publique France,\n                            2019. Available:\n                            https:\/\/geodes.santepubliquefrance.fr"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22579"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.58.8.510"},{"key":"2022021402345044000_7.3.e001698.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2005.044354"}],"container-title":["RMD Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2021-001698","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]],"date-time":"2022-02-14T10:54:01Z","timestamp":1644836041000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rmdopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2021-001698"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/rmdopen-2021-001698"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2021-001698","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-5933"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2056-5933","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}}}