{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T03:34:31Z","timestamp":1768793671384,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,22]],"date-time":"2021-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629590400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010767","name":"Innovative Medicines Initiative","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["115770"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["115770"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010767","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["RMD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To describe the relations between baseline clinical characteristics of the Applied Public-Private Research enabling OsteoArthritis Clinical Headway (IMI-APPROACH) participants and their predicted probabilities for knee osteoarthritis (OA) structural (S) progression and\/or pain (P) progression.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Baseline clinical characteristics of the IMI-APPROACH participants were used for this study. Radiographs were evaluated according to Kellgren and Lawrence (K&amp;L grade) and Knee Image Digital Analysis. Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) were used to evaluate pain. Predicted progression scores for each individual were determined using machine learning models. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to evaluate correlations between scores for predicted progression and baseline characteristics. T-tests and \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> tests were used to evaluate differences between participants with high versus low progression scores.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Participants with high S progressions score were found to have statistically significantly less structural damage compared with participants with low S progression scores (minimum Joint Space Width, minJSW 3.56 mm vs 1.63 mm; p&lt;0.001, K&amp;L grade; p=0.028). Participants with high P progression scores had statistically significantly more pain compared with participants with low P progression scores (KOOS pain 51.71 vs 82.11; p&lt;0.001, NRS pain 6.7 vs 2.4; p&lt;0.001).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The baseline minJSW of the IMI-APPROACH participants contradicts the idea that the (predicted) course of knee OA follows a pattern of inertia, where patients who have progressed previously are more likely to display further progression. In contrast, for pain progressors the pattern of inertia seems valid, since participants with high P score already have more pain at baseline compared with participants with a low P score.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2021-001759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T13:29:50Z","timestamp":1629725390000},"page":"e001759","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Baseline clinical characteristics of predicted structural and pain progressors in the IMI-APPROACH knee OA cohort"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3540-4892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eefje Martine","family":"van Helvoort","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Ladel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioBone BV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Mastbergen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margreet","family":"Kloppenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology, Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Epidemiology, Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco J","family":"Blanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Reumatologia, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coru\u00f1a, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7810-2216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ida K","family":"Haugen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8252-7815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francis","family":"Berenbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, \u00cele-de-France, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2692-7205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaume","family":"Bacardit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing Science, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4955-3653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawel","family":"Widera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paco M J","family":"Welsing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Floris","family":"Lafeber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.1","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration . Osteoarthritis: structural endpoints for the development of drugs, devices, and biological products for treatment. guidance for industry. Rockville: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2018."},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.2","unstructured":"Committee for medicinal products for human use (CHMP) - European Medicines Agency . Guideline on clinical investigation of medicinal products used in the treatment of osteoarthritis. London, 2010."},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201575"},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-64643-8","article-title":"Multi-classifier prediction of knee osteoarthritis progression from incomplete imbalanced longitudinal data","volume":"10","author":"Widera","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2009.01.007"},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyu177"},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.170208"},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22460","article-title":"Diabetes is associated with increased hand pain in erosive hand osteoarthritis: data from a population-based study","volume":"67","author":"Magnusson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.9","article-title":"PROCOAC (prospective cohort of a Coru\u00f1a) description: Spanish prospective cohort to study osteoarthritis","author":"Oreiro-Villar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reumatol Clin"},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2021.105171","article-title":"The DIGICOD cohort: A hospital-based observational prospective cohort of patients with hand osteoarthritis - methodology and baseline characteristics of the population","volume":"88","author":"Sellam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-035101"},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.12","first-page":"1588","article-title":"Reproducibility of the semiflexed (metatarsophalangeal) radiographic knee position and automated measurements of medial tibiofemoral joint space width in a multicenter clinical trial of knee osteoarthritis","volume":"31","author":"Buckland-Wright","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.16.4.494"},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2007.06.009"},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1998.28.2.88"},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205310"},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2018.08.003","article-title":"Modeling and predicting osteoarthritis progression: data from the osteoarthritis initiative","volume":"26","author":"Halilaj","year":"2018","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2018.11.012","article-title":"Racial-Ethnic differences in osteoarthritis pain and disability: a meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Vaughn","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1002\/acr2.1002","article-title":"Race\/Ethnicity moderates the association between psychosocial resilience and movement-evoked pain in knee osteoarthritis","volume":"1","author":"Bartley","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACR Open Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025090313570520000_7.3.e001759.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000378","article-title":"Differences in clinical pain and experimental pain sensitivity between Asian Americans and whites with knee osteoarthritis","volume":"33","author":"Ahn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"}],"container-title":["RMD Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2021-001759","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T20:57:14Z","timestamp":1756933034000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rmdopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2021-001759"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/rmdopen-2021-001759"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2021-001759","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-5933"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2056-5933","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}}}