{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T16:24:05Z","timestamp":1792686245581,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678060800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002738","name":"Assistance Publique - H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["RMD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We aimed to compare disease characteristics between primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome (pSS) patients of African ancestry (AA) and Caucasian ancestry.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective, case\u2013control study in a French national and European referral centre for pSS. All patients with pSS of AA were matched with two Caucasians patients having similar follow-up duration. We explored clinical and biological parameters associated with a cumulative EULAR Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome Disease Activity Index (cumESSDAI \u22655) (consisting of individual clinESSDAI domain maximum throughout follow-up).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We identified 74 patients of AA matched with 148 Caucasian. Median age at pSS diagnosis was younger in AA patients (43 years (IQR 33\u201351) vs 56 years (44.8\u201359.2), p&lt;0.001). AA patients presented higher median titre of gammaglobulins (18.5 g\/L (IQR 15\u201322.8) vs 13.4 g\/L (9.9\u201316.9), p&lt;0.001), more frequently positive for anti-SSA (88% vs 72%, p=0.007) and anti-RNP (11% vs 2.7%, p=0.023) antibodies. During the follow-up (median: 6 years (IQR 2\u201311)), AA patients presented more systemic complications: arthritis, myositis, interstitial lung disease, lymphadenopathy, central nervous system involvement. Median cumESSDAI score was higher in AA patients (7.5 (IQR 3.2\u201316.0) vs 4.0 (IQR 2.0\u20139.0), p=0.002). Interestingly, in multivariate analyses, factors associated with disease activity were sub-Saharan AA (OR 2.65 (95% CI 1.06 to 6.94)), rheumatoid factor (OR 2.50 (95% CI 1.28 to 4.96)) and anti-RNP positivity (OR 11.1 (95% CI 1.88 to 212)).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients of AA display higher disease activity with a hallmark of higher B-cell activation. Studies to investigate biological drivers behind such differences are needed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2022-002955","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]],"date-time":"2023-03-16T06:22:34Z","timestamp":1678947754000},"page":"e002955","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Impact of patient ancestry on heterogeneity of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4924-093X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxime","family":"Beydon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Sant\u00e9 Publique, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidemiologie et de Sante Publique, Paris, France"},{"name":"Rheumatology, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), H\u00f4pitaux universitaires Paris-Sud \u2013 H\u00f4pital Bic\u00eatre, Le Kremlin Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5523-1856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raphaele","family":"Seror","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), H\u00f4pitaux universitaires Paris-Sud \u2013 H\u00f4pital Bic\u00eatre, Le Kremlin Bic\u00eatre, France"},{"name":"Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-immune Diseases (IMVA), Institut pour la Sant\u00e9 et la Recherche M\u00e9dicale (INSERM) UMR 1184, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Le Guern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hopital Cochin, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascale","family":"Chretien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4244-5417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xavier","family":"Mariette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), H\u00f4pitaux universitaires Paris-Sud \u2013 H\u00f4pital Bic\u00eatre, Le Kremlin Bic\u00eatre, France"},{"name":"Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-immune Diseases (IMVA), Institut pour la Sant\u00e9 et la Recherche M\u00e9dicale (INSERM) UMR 1184, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaetane","family":"Nocturne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), H\u00f4pitaux universitaires Paris-Sud \u2013 H\u00f4pital Bic\u00eatre, Le Kremlin Bic\u00eatre, France"},{"name":"Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-immune Diseases (IMVA), Institut pour la Sant\u00e9 et la Recherche M\u00e9dicale (INSERM) UMR 1184, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090313504845000_9.1.e002955.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sft157"},{"key":"2025090313504845000_9.1.e002955.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2008101028"},{"key":"2025090313504845000_9.1.e002955.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20085","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus in three ethnic groups. 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