{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:43:41Z","timestamp":1792799021719,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]],"date-time":"2023-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682294400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82000753"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82000753"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021MD703910"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021MD703910"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Project","award":["202201011696"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202201011696"]}]},{"name":"The scientific research capacity improvement project of the doctoral program construction unit of Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University in 2022","award":["22GPNUZDJS31"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22GPNUZDJS31"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02pcb5m77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["11801097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11801097"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["RMD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To use data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019 to report the global, regional and national rates and trends of annual incidence, point prevalence and years lived with disability (YLD) for gout in adolescents and young adults aged 15\u201339 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a serial cross-sectional study of gout burden in the young population aged 15\u201339 years using data from GBD Study 2019. We extracted rates per 100 000 population of incidence, prevalence and YLD of gout, then calculated their average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) at the global, regional and national level between 1990 and 2019 by sociodemographic index (SDI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The global gout prevalent cases in individuals aged 15\u201339 years was 5.21\u2009million in 2019, with the annual incidence substantially increasing from 38.71 to 45.94 per 100\u2009000 population during 1990\u20132019 (AAPC 0.61, 95%\u2009CI 0.57 to 0.65). This substantial increase was observed in all SDI quintiles (low, low-middle, middle, high-middle and high) and every age subgroup (15\u201319, 20\u201324, 25\u201329, 30\u201334 and 35\u201339 years). Males accounted for 80% of the gout burden. High-income North America and East Asia were facing a substantial increase in gout incidence and YLD simultaneously. Elimination of high body mass index can reduce 31.74% of the gout YLD globally in 2019, which varied from 6.97% to 59.31% regionally and nationally.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gout incidence and YLD in the young population grew simultaneously and substantially in both developed and developing countries. Improving representative national-level data on gout, interventions for obesity and awareness in young populations are strongly suggested.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-003025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]],"date-time":"2023-04-24T13:55:59Z","timestamp":1682344559000},"page":"e003025","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Global, regional and national burdens of gout in the young population from 1990 to 2019: a population-based study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenye","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanmei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen United Family Hospital, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Disease, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8782-3314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongze","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Disease, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090312301116000_9.2.e003025.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23562","article-title":"Gout severity, socioeconomic status, and work absence: a cross-sectional study in primary care","volume":"70","author":"Bowen-Davies","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res 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