{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T09:14:43Z","timestamp":1779354883502,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684972800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking","award":["NECESSITY grant 806975"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NECESSITY grant 806975"]}]},{"name":"Genevi\u00e8ve Garnier"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["RMD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a cell population implicated in the pathogenesis of various chronic inflammatory diseases, but little is known about their role in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome (pSS). The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of ILC subsets in peripheral blood (PB) and their quantity and location in minor salivary glands (MSGs) in pSS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The frequency of ILC subsets was analysed in the PB of patients with pSS and healthy controls (HCs) by flow cytometry. The amount and location of ILC subsets in MSGs were studied in patients with pSS and sicca controls by immunofluorescence assay.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In PB, the frequency of ILC subsets did not differ between patients with pSS and HCs. The circulating frequency of the ILC1 subset was increased in patients with pSS with positive anti-SSA antibodies and that of the ILC3 subset was reduced in patients with pSS with glandular swelling. In MSGs, the ILC3 number was higher in lymphocytic-infiltrated than non-infiltrated tissue in patients with pSS and normal glandular tissues in sicca controls. The ILC3 subset was preferentially located at the periphery of infiltrates and was more abundant in small infiltrates of recently diagnosed pSS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Altered ILC homeostasis mainly concerns salivary glands in pSS. Most ILCs in MSGs consist of the ILC3 subset, located at the periphery of lymphocytic infiltrates. The ILC3 subset is more abundant in smaller infiltrates and in recently diagnosed pSS. It might play a pathogenic role in the development of T and B lymphocyte infiltrates in the early stages of pSS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-003051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T13:21:35Z","timestamp":1685020895000},"page":"e003051","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Alteration of innate lymphoid cell homeostasis mainly concerns salivary glands in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Lou","family":"Kawka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de rhumatologie, Centre National de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des Maladies Autoimmunes et Syst\u00e9miques Rares, H\u00f4pitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Immunologie, Immunopathologie et Chimie Th\u00e9rapeutique, CNRS UPR3572, Institut de Biologie 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