{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T12:51:09Z","timestamp":1789044669677,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]],"date-time":"2024-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732838400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014653","name":"NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NIHR203308"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR203308"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014653","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, Versus Arthritis","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["RMD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To assess sickness absence and transitions from employment for employees with arthritis compared with employees without arthritis over time.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We use 10 waves of the UK Household Longitudinal Survey (2009\u20132019). The sample (n=38 928) comprises employees aged 50 years to state retirement age. Arthritis was self-reported and could refer to people with conditions under the umbrella term \u2018inflammatory arthritis\u2019 or osteoarthritis (hereafter \u2018arthritis\u2019). Weighted random-effects multivariable linear probability models were estimated for two employment-related measures (1) sickness absence and (2) transitions from employment to: (a) unemployment; (b) long-term sick; (c) early retirement. These were regressed against a variable for arthritis and confounding factors (age, socioeconomic job classification, employing sector, year and additional health conditions). Additional analyses examined an interaction between the variable arthritis and these factors to test whether the effect of arthritis differs between these groups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Employees reporting having arthritis were more likely to have sickness absence (1.35 percentage points greater rate (95% CI (0.92, 1.78)) and to transition to long-term sick (0.79 percentage points (0.46, 1.13)) and early retirement (0.58 percentage points (0.05, 1.11)). No effect was found for transitions to unemployment. There was limited evidence that the effects of arthritis vary for employees in different socioeconomic classifications.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Employees living with arthritis have higher rates of sickness absence and greater rates of transitions from employment to long-term sick and early retirement. Further work could look at ways to quantify the implications for individuals, employers and the state and ways to alleviate the effects of living with arthritis on work participation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2024-004817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]],"date-time":"2024-11-29T23:40:38Z","timestamp":1732923638000},"page":"e004817","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of employees living with an \u2018arthritis\u2019 on sickness absence and transitions out of employment: a comparative observational study in the UK"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2530-0360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Whittaker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Centre for Health Economics, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"},{"name":"Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Higgerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Centre for Health Economics, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1542-2527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Eden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Centre for Health Economics, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Payne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Centre for Health Economics, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4825-714X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ross","family":"Wilkie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne MM","family":"Verstappen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090313473843000_10.4.e004817.1","unstructured":"Versus Arthritis V . The state of musculoskeletal health. 2023. Available: https:\/\/www.versusarthritis.org\/about-arthritis\/data-and-statistics\/the-state-of-musculoskeletal-health\/ [Accessed 22 Apr 2024]."},{"key":"2025090313473843000_10.4.e004817.2","unstructured":"Young V , Bhaumik C . Health and well-being at work: a survey of employees. Department for work and pensions. Research report number 751. 2011. Available: https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/media\/5a7ba880ed915d1311060aa1\/rrep751.pdf [Accessed 22 Apr 2024]."},{"key":"2025090313473843000_10.4.e004817.3","unstructured":"Office for National Statistics . Sickness absence in the UK labour market: 2021. 2022. 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