{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T17:25:45Z","timestamp":1757611545091,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748476800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hacettepe University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit","award":["TSA-2019-17549"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TSA-2019-17549"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["RMD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Beh\u00e7et disease (BD) is a complex vasculitis with both autoimmune and autoinflammatory features. Despite specific clinical features, no laboratory tests are available for the diagnosis of BD. We recently found that BD sera exhibited immunoreactivity against neurofilament medium protein (NF-M). This study aimed to replicate this finding in an independent cohort and to assess the specificity and sensitivity of NF-M immunoreactivity in serum samples obtained from BD, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and non-Beh\u00e7et uveitis (NBU) patients as well as healthy donors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Serum samples from 76 patients (33 BD, 16 MS, 15 SLE, 9 PsA and 3 NBU) and 22 healthy donors (totalling 98 sera) were analysed. Mouse brain tissue sections were immunolabelled with the sera and examined using confocal microscopy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>97% (32\/33) of BD patient sera exhibited a distinct fine filamentous staining pattern consistent with NF-M protein immunolabelling in axons, while sera from healthy controls and patients with SLE, MS, PsA and NBU showed no similar staining. Conversely, MS patient sera displayed a thick filamentous staining pattern attributed to oligodendrocytes and their myelin-forming processes. SLE patient sera intensely labelled all cell nuclei, conforming to immunoreactivity against nuclear antigens.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These findings reveal the ubiquitous presence of NF-M immunoreactivity, reportedly cross-reacting with bacterial heat shock protein 65, in BD sera. This common and specific immunoreactivity may serve as a valuable tool for diagnosing BD. Additionally, the data confirm the unique potential of connective tissue-poor brain sections for identifying sero-immunoreactivity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2024-005100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T04:55:16Z","timestamp":1748580916000},"page":"e005100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Serum immunoreactivity to neurofilament-medium shows high sensitivity and specificity in patients with Beh\u00e7et disease"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3875-5244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tayfun Hilmi","family":"Akbaba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Buket","family":"Donmez-Demir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayse Ilksen","family":"Colpak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yeliz Z.","family":"Akkaya-Ulum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gizem","family":"Ayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sefik Evren","family":"Erdener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sibel","family":"Kadayifcilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asl\u0131","family":"Tuncer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umut","family":"Kalyoncu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Banu","family":"Balci-Peynircioglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Turgay","family":"Dalkara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey"},{"name":"Departments of Neuroscience and, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.1","first-page":"1152","article-title":"Uber rezidivierende Aphthose, durch ein Virus verursachte Geschwure am Mund, am Auge und an den Genitalien","volume":"105","author":"Beh\u00e7et","year":"1937","journal-title":"Dermatol Ochenschr"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00665","article-title":"Immunopathogenesis of Behcet\u2019s Disease","volume":"10","author":"Tong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2003.01893.x"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.4","first-page":"488","article-title":"Epidemiology of Adamantiades-Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease","volume":"150","author":"Zouboulis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Med Interne (Paris)"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4079","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-023-01226-7","article-title":"Beh\u00e7et\u2019s syndrome: recent advances to aid diagnosis","volume":"23","author":"Akbaba","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.6","first-page":"1078","article-title":"Criteria for diagnosis of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease. International Study Group for Beh\u00e7et\u2019s Disease","volume":"335","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.7","first-page":"S80","article-title":"Antikinectin autoantibody in Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease and several other autoimmune connective tissue diseases","volume":"25","author":"Feng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200202)32:2<356::AID-IMMU356>3.0.CO;2-9"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.9","first-page":"S67","article-title":"Seroreactivity against PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) in Turkish patients with Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease","volume":"27","author":"Vural","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02208085"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2017.08.002","article-title":"Beh\u00e7et Disease serum is immunoreactive to neurofilament medium which share common epitopes to bacterial HSP-65, a putative trigger","volume":"84","author":"Lule","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2017.09.027","article-title":"Data of indirect immunofluorescence labeling of the mouse brain sections with sera from SLE and MS patients","volume":"15","author":"Colpak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Data Brief"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30470-2"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40930","article-title":"2019 European League Against Rheumatism\/American College of Rheumatology Classification Criteria for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"71","author":"Aringer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.110845"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2005.03.057"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3495"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2019.00275","article-title":"Imaging and Quantification of Myelin Integrity After Injury With Spectral Confocal Reflectance Microscopy","volume":"12","author":"Gonsalvez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4101","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhac329","article-title":"Difference in axon diameter and myelin thickness between excitatory and inhibitory callosally projecting axons in mice","volume":"33","author":"Basu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.20","first-page":"97","article-title":"Diameter of axons and thickness of myelin sheaths of the pyramidal tract fibres in the adult human medullary pyramid","volume":"157","author":"Graf von Keyserlingk","year":"1984","journal-title":"Anat Anz"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.21","first-page":"489","article-title":"The role of streptococcal hypersensitivity in the pathogenesis of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s Disease","volume":"18","author":"Kaneko","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030297","article-title":"A proposed classification of the immunological diseases","volume":"3","author":"McGonagle","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-10290-y","article-title":"Neurofilament light is a biomarker of brain involvement in lupus and primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"268","author":"Tjensvoll","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"2025090313075627000_11.2.e005100.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjno-2021-000192","article-title":"Antibodies to neurofilament light as potential biomarkers in multiple sclerosis","volume":"3","author":"Puentes","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Neurol Open"}],"container-title":["RMD Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2024-005100","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T20:08:06Z","timestamp":1756930086000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rmdopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2024-005100"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/rmdopen-2024-005100"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2024-005100","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-5933"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2056-5933"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}}}