{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T02:29:04Z","timestamp":1773109744918,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773014400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":67,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["RMD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the sensitivity of International Study Group (ISG, 1990), International Criteria for Beh\u00e7et\u2019s Disease (ICBD, 2014) and the Paediatric Beh\u00e7et\u2019s Disease (PEDBD, 2016) classification criteria in paediatric Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease (pBD) within an endemic cohort and to assess organ involvement, treatment patterns, outcomes and cumulative damage using the Beh\u00e7et\u2019s Syndrome Overall Damage Index.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analysed 69 consecutive children with clinician-diagnosed pBD (symptom onset \u226418 years) at a tertiary centre in T\u00fcrkiye (2020\u20132025). Classification criteria were applied at the last visit. The primary outcome was sensitivity versus clinician diagnosis; secondary outcomes included sex-stratified risks, therapies\/adverse events and cumulative damage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ICBD classified 97.1% of cases, compared with 58.0% for ISG and 53.6% for PEDBD. Neurovascular involvement occurred in 18.8% (mainly cerebral venous thrombosis), vascular in 20.3% and ocular in 17.4% (posterior-segment 11.6%). Boys had higher risks of neurovascular disease, while girls more often had genital ulcers. Treatment followed steroid-sparing pathways (colchicine 98.6%, azathioprine 63.8%, antitumour necrosis factor 21.7%); adverse events occurred in 15.9% and non-adherence in 11.6%. Cumulative damage was low to moderate, with a mean BODI score of 0.45 (range 0\u20133).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this endemic paediatric cohort, ICBD demonstrated superior sensitivity, while ISG and PEDBD classified only half of cases. Morbidity was driven by neurovascular events and, less frequently, posterior-segment ocular disease. Findings support an ICBD-anchored approach with co-reporting of ISG\/PEDBD for comparability. Low-threshold neuro-ophthalmic evaluation and timely steroid-sparing escalation are critical for sight\/central nervous system-threatening disease. Targeted vascular imaging and adherence-focused adolescent care remain priorities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2025-006514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T14:40:15Z","timestamp":1773067215000},"page":"e006514","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical phenotype and long-term damage in paediatric Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease: comparative performance of ISG, ICBD and PEDBD classification criteria in a retrospective endemic cohort"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8095-2017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Burcu","family":"Bozkaya Y\u00fccel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Rheumatology, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u015eeyda","family":"Do\u011fantan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Rheumatology, Ba\u015fak\u015fehir \u00c7am ve Sakura City Hospital, \u0130stanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00d6mer G\u00f6khan","family":"\u00c7elik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Semanur","family":"Elmas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Rheumatology, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nur\u00e7in","family":"\u00d6\u011freten Yadigaro\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hilal","family":"Eser \u00d6zt\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G\u00f6k\u00e7en","family":"\u00d6z Tun\u00e7er","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00dcnal","family":"Ak\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Burcu","family":"\u00c7al\u0131\u015fkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun, 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