{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T12:20:34Z","timestamp":1777465234524,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RS-2024-00350086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00350086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["RMD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the incidence rate and incident cognitive impairment risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared with matched controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This population-based matched cohort study enrolled patients newly diagnosed with RA (n=26\u2009437) between 2011 and 2014 and 1:1 age-, sex- and index-year-matched controls (n=26\u2009437) from a Korean nationwide claims database. Follow-up spanned the index date to the earliest occurrence of incident cognitive impairment or December 2022. Cognitive impairment was defined using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, codes (F00-F03, F31.82, F06.7, G30 and G31.00). Incidence rates were calculated as events per 1000 person-years. Multivariable stratified competing risks regression analyses estimated adjusted subdistribution HRs (SHRs) with 95% CIs for incident cognitive impairment, treating death as a competing risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the mean respective follow-up of 9.410\u00b12.271\u2009and 9.508\u00b12.217 years, 2952 (11.17%) and 2388 (9.03%) patients with RA and controls developed incident cognitive impairment, respectively. The cognitive impairment incidence rates in patients with RA and controls were 11.493 (95% CI 7.648 to 15.338)\u2009and 9.219 (95% CI 5.386 to 13.052) per 1000 person-years, respectively. Compared with the control individuals, patients with RA had a significantly higher risk of developing cognitive impairment (adjusted SHR, 1.222 (95% CI 1.171 to 1.275)).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that cognitive impairment may represent an important comorbidity in patients with RA that merits clinical awareness and longitudinal monitoring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2025-006685","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T13:25:11Z","timestamp":1777382711000},"page":"e006685","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cognitive impairment risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based cohort 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