{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:28:27Z","timestamp":1792787307152,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":85,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","award":["RS-2024-00339794"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00339794"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/013aysd81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["RMD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the risk of incident cognitive disorders in patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s disease (pSjD) using nationwide Korean National Health Insurance Service data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study included patients newly diagnosed with pSjD between 2010 and 2021 and propensity score-matched controls. The primary outcome was a composite of Alzheimer\u2019s dementia (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), secondary dementia, unclassified dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Adjusted HRs (aHRs) and 95% CIs were estimated using multivariable Cox regression. Age-stratified analyses were also performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 12\u2009731 patients with pSjD and 36\u2009514 matched controls were analysed. pSjD was associated with increased risks of total cognitive disorders (aHR 1.48, 95% CI 1.36 to 1.63), AD (aHR 1.48, 95% CI 1.35 to 1.63), secondary dementia (aHR 2.24, 95% CI 1.45 to 3.48), unclassified dementia (aHR 1.43, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.70) and MCI (aHR 1.62, 95% CI 1.41 to 1.85). In age-stratified analyses, pSjD was associated with an increased risk of MCI among participants aged &lt;65 years (aHR 1.46, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.01). Among those aged 65\u201374 years, pSjD was associated with increased risks of total cognitive disorders, AD and MCI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>pSjD was associated with increased risks of multiple cognitive disorders. The age-specific patterns\u2014an increased risk of MCI among individuals aged &lt;65 years and increased risks of total cognitive disorders, AD and MCI among those aged 65\u201374 years\u2014underscore the need for clinical attention to cognitive symptoms across age groups in patients with pSjD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2026-006864","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:35:10Z","timestamp":1790267710000},"page":"e006864","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Risk of cognitive disorders in patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s disease: data from Korean Health Insurance Service"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1147-1046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong Ki","family":"Min","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department 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