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We investigated whether maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain (GWG) or hypertensive disorders during pregnancy (HDP) were associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in children and whether genetic susceptibility modified associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We linked the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) to the Norwegian Patient Registry to identify children with JIA. Logistic regression estimated adjusted ORs (aORs) for associations with BMI, GWG and HDPs. Causal mediation analyses assessed whether hypertension mediated the GWG\u2013JIA association. In a genotyped subsample, we tested interactions between exposures and a JIA Polygenic Risk Score (PRS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 78\u2009901 eligible children, 265 developed JIA (genotyped subsample: 192 JIA\/44 053 non-JIA). By the end of follow-up, all children were \u226514 years old and 85% were \u226516 years old. Maternal prepregnancy BMI was not associated with JIA. Each 1 SD (~6\u2009kg) increase in GWG was associated with modestly higher odds of JIA (aOR 1.12, 95%\u2009CI 1.00 to 1.26), particularly among women with prepregnancy obesity (aOR 1.40, 95%\u2009CI 1.10 to 1.77). Maternal hypertension and pre-eclampsia were associated with higher JIA risk (aOR 1.43, 95%\u2009CI 1.02 to 1.99\u2009and aOR 1.61, 95%\u2009CI 1.10 to 2.37). Hypertension did not mediate the GWG\u2013JIA association (p&gt;0.05). Among children with lower PRS, maternal obesity was associated with a lower JIA risk (aOR 0.37, 95%\u2009CI 0.17 to 0.80).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher GWG and HDPs were independently associated with increased JIA risk. Genetic susceptibility may modify associations with maternal BMI, supporting a role for pregnancy health in JIA development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2026-006940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:35:23Z","timestamp":1785411323000},"page":"e006940","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Maternal weight and hypertension as risk factors for juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a prospective population-based pregnancy cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6156-4350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vilde \u00d8verlien","family":"D\u00e5st\u00f8l","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Department of 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University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srijana","family":"Bastakoti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ole","family":"Andreassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Center for Precision Psychiatry, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6315-7134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne Lise","family":"Brants\u00e6ter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Centre for Sustainable Diets, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siri Eldevik","family":"H\u00e5berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8972-9388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen H","family":"Costenbader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ketil","family":"St\u00f8rdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, 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