{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T08:20:05Z","timestamp":1787905205548,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":55,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["RMD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Obesity and type 2 diabetes are common in rheumatology, often exacerbated by glucocorticoids. Real-world data on glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in this setting remain limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the metabolic effectiveness and safety of GLP-1RAs in rheumatology outpatients, including inflammatory marker and subgroup analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single-centre retrospective study (October 2024\u2013October 2025) including 119 patients (from 169 screened) treated with GLP-1RAs. Paired analyses were performed at 3, 6 and 12 months. Exploratory comparisons included participants with chronic inflammatory arthritis (n=46) and those with non-inflammatory disease (n=43).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients had high baseline cardiometabolic burden (mean body mass index (BMI) 34.9\u00b19.9\u2009kg\/m\u00b2; diabetes 96.6%). GLP-1RA initiation was associated with sustained weight loss: \u22124.0 kg, \u22124.5 kg and \u22127.7 kg at 3, 6 and 12 months (all p&lt;0.001; \u22128.2% at 12 months), with 56.5% improving \u22651\u2009BMI category. Haemoglobin A1c decreased by \u22120.97%, \u22120.69% and \u22120.91% (all p&lt;0.001), alongside significant reductions in fasting glucose (up to \u221224.8 mg\/dL; p&lt;0.001). Lipid improvements included reductions in low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (\u221212.2 mg\/dL; p=0.006) and triglycerides (\u221221.7 mg\/dL; p=0.007). At 12 months, erythrocyte sedimentation rate decreased significantly (p=0.023), while CRP showed a non-significant decline (p=0.076); both were significantly reduced in the inflammatory subgroup. No significant differences were observed between inflammatory and non-inflammatory groups in adjusted metabolic trajectories. Adverse events were mainly gastrointestinal (13.4%); pancreatitis (0.8%) and cholecystitis (1.7%) were rare. Discontinuation occurred in 6.7%. One death (mesenteric ischaemia) had unclear causality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GLP-1RAs were associated with meaningful metabolic improvements in patients with rheumatic diseases, with a favourable safety profile. Potential anti-inflammatory effects require confirmation in prospective studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2026-007122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T11:20:14Z","timestamp":1787656814000},"page":"e007122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Metabolic effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists in rheumatology patients and inflammatory outcomes: a single-centre retrospective cohort"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0248-657X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam","family":"Retuerto-Guerrero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Leon, Le\u00f3n, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria de Le\u00f3n (IBIOLE\u00d3N), Le\u00f3n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Leon, Le\u00f3n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirian","family":"Alejo Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Leon, Le\u00f3n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ismael","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Leon, Le\u00f3n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"V\u00e9lez Blanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Leon, Le\u00f3n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anibal","family":"Martin Sanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Leon, Le\u00f3n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Octavio Miguel","family":"Rivero-Lezcano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Leon, Le\u00f3n, Spain"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elvira","family":"D\u00edez-\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Leon, Le\u00f3n, 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