{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T10:22:05Z","timestamp":1774261325453,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sex Transm Infect"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Re-infection with chlamydia may increase subsequent reproductive morbidity in women. The authors sought to identify characteristics associated with re-infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cohort of all women aged 10\u201349\u2005years with a notification of genital chlamydia in the Australian state of New South Wales during 1999\u20132008 was defined. Probabilistic linkage was used to identify women with repeat notifications in the same period. The risk of repeat notification was examined according to age and other characteristics using proportional hazards regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 40\u2008936 women in the cohort, 3236 had at least one repeat chlamydia notification over an average of 3.5\u2005years of follow-up. The incidence of repeat notification was greatest in the first year after index notification (4.5 per 100 person-years) and decreased thereafter. The RR of repeat notification increased by 8% (95% CI 7% to 9%) for each year decrease in age. Compared with women aged 20\u201321\u2005years at index chlamydia notification, women aged &lt;16\u2005years were twice as likely to have a repeat notification (adjusted HR 2.12, 95% CI 1.75 to 2.56), while women aged 26\u201327\u2005years were half as likely (adjusted HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.66). Year of index notification, parity and concurrent or past gonorrhoeal infection were also significantly associated with the risk of repeat notification, but socioeconomic status and area of residence were not.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Younger age is a strong predictor of chlamydia re-infection in women. The results support targeting interventions to prevent re-infections to very young women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2011-050252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,24]],"date-time":"2011-12-24T04:42:40Z","timestamp":1324701760000},"page":"45-50","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["<i>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/i>re-infections in a population-based cohort of women"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Bette","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Guy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Basil","family":"Donovan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John M","family":"Kaldor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024051320535729000_89.1.45.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)80020-8"},{"key":"2024051320535729000_89.1.45.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiq050","article-title":"The role of reinfection and partner notification in the efficacy of chlamydia screening programs","volume":"203","author":"Heijne","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024051320535729000_89.1.45.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3181a2a933"},{"key":"2024051320535729000_89.1.45.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(94)70286-1","article-title":"Risk factors for recurrent Chlamydia trachomatis infections in women","volume":"170","author":"Hillis","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2024051320535729000_89.1.45.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03404865","article-title":"Upsurge of chlamydial reinfection in a large Canadian city: an indication of suboptimal chlamydia screening practices?","volume":"101","author":"Genereux","year":"2010","journal-title":"Can J Public Health"},{"key":"2024051320535729000_89.1.45.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200102000-00011"},{"key":"2024051320535729000_89.1.45.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2006.022053"},{"key":"2024051320535729000_89.1.45.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.77.1.26"},{"key":"2024051320535729000_89.1.45.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7309.394"},{"key":"2024051320535729000_89.1.45.10","unstructured":"Harris M Bennet J Del Mar C . 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