{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T21:59:59Z","timestamp":1790805599338,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sex Transm Infect"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clients diagnosed and treated for<jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>are a recognised high-risk group for subsequent infection. An estimated 8% of clients treated for chlamydia at Cairns Sexual Health Service return for re-testing within the recommended 3\u20134-month period. There is no recall or reminder system in place. This study assesses the effectiveness of using short messaging service (SMS) reminders with and without incentive payments to increase re-testing rates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eligible consenting clients were randomly allocated to one of three groups. Group 1 (controls) received the standard advice from the clinician to return for re-testing in 3\u20134\u2005months. Group 2 received the standard advice and an SMS reminder at 10\u201312\u2005weeks post-treatment. Group 3 received the standard advice and the SMS reminder, which also offered an incentive payment on clinic attendance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>32 participants were recruited to groups 1 and 2 and 30 participants to group 3. 62 SMS reminders were sent with 13 (21.0%) reported as undelivered. Re-testing rates were 6.3%, 28.1% and 26.7% for groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>SMS reminders with or without an incentive payment increased re-testing rates in our clients who were diagnosed and treated for chlamydia. However, re-testing remained less than ideal, and the high rate of undelivered SMS reminders suggest that this intervention alone will not achieve desired re-testing rates and that a range of strategies will be required to increase re-testing in this population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2011-050454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,24]],"date-time":"2012-06-24T00:55:35Z","timestamp":1340499335000},"page":"16-19","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Increasing chlamydia test of re-infection rates using SMS reminders and incentives"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Sandra Gaye","family":"Downing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colette","family":"Cashman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"McNamee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debbie","family":"Penney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darren B","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret E","family":"Hellard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.1","unstructured":"The Kirby Institute. HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infection in Australia Annual Surveillance Report 2011. Sydney, NSW: The Kirby Institute, the University of New South Wales, 2011."},{"key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2005.017186"},{"key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)80020-8"},{"key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181c3ef29"},{"issue":"11 Suppl","key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S40","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e31817247b2","article-title":"Rate and predictors of repeat Chlamydia trachomatis infection among men","volume":"35","author":"Dunne","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200202000-00001","article-title":"Incidence and repeat infection rates of Chlamydia trachomatis among male and female patients in an STD clinic: implications for screening and rescreening","volume":"29","author":"Rietmeijer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2006.022053"},{"key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200102000-00011"},{"key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.9","unstructured":"Australian Chapter of Sexual Health Medicine. National Management Guidelines for Sexually Transmissible Infections. Melbourne: Royal Australasian College of Physicians, 2008."},{"key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.10","unstructured":"Sexually Transmissible Infection in Gay Men Action Group. Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Guidelines for Men Who Have Sex With Men (STIGMA Guidelines). Sydney: Australasian Chapter of Sexual Health Medicine, 2008."},{"key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/SH10086"},{"key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.12","unstructured":"Bowring A Gouillou M Guy R . Chlamydia Repeat Testing and Positivity Rates at General Practices and Family Planning Clinics in Australia 2008\u20132009. Canberra, ACT, Australia: Australasian Sexual Health Conference, 2011."},{"key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215107007906","article-title":"Patient mobile telephone \u2018text\u2019 reminder: a novel way to reduce non-attendance at the ENT out-patient clinic","volume":"122","author":"Geraghty","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1097\/00004010-200604000-00006","article-title":"SMS reminders in the UK national health service: an evaluation of its impact on \u201cno-shows\u201d at hospital out-patient clinics","volume":"31","author":"Milne","year":"2006","journal-title":"Health Care Manage Rev"},{"key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7110.703","article-title":"Should we pay the patient? Review of financial incentives to enhance patient compliance","volume":"315","author":"Giuffrida","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000143083.38684.9d"},{"key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.OLQ.0000109512.95959.ED"},{"key":"2024051321022895000_89.1.16.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3181cab281","article-title":"The elephant never forgets; piloting a chlamydia and gonorrhea retesting reminder postcard in an STD clinic setting","volume":"37","author":"Paneth-Pollak","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"}],"container-title":["Sexually Transmitted Infections"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/sextrans-2011-050454","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]],"date-time":"2024-05-14T04:37:07Z","timestamp":1715661427000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sti.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/sextrans-2011-050454"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,23]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/sextrans-2011-050454"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/sextrans-2011-050454","relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-4973","1472-3263"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1368-4973","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-3263","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,23]]}}}